Improving the OSH Knowledge of Indonesian Forestry Workers by Using Safety Game Application: Tree Felling Supervisors and Operators

Author

Efi Yuliati Yovi, Yozo Yamada, Mohammad Faiz Zaini, Chika Annisa Yonanda Kusumadewi, Lerfi Marisiana

Abstract

This research focused on the possibility to improve the possession of OSH knowledge of Indonesian forestry workers, especially of both supervisor and operators who carried heavy responsibilities as executors of any forestry program. To meet the demand of both respondent groups, a prototype of a board - education game developed in 2015 called "The Felling Safety Games: Supervisor" was up-graded and modified. Data derived from questionnaires, direct observation, in-depth interviews, and logical assumption, provided information on (1) the recent perception of OSH knowledge, (2) the success of the education game implementation, and (3) factors that led to the success of the implementation. The fact that all respondents in this research were overrated on their OSH knowledge reflected serious problems in the field of OSH in the forestry work in Indonesia. It was satisfying to know that the safety game showed a very optimistic result, as the OSH knowledge of the workers were significantly improved after only 2-6 game repetitions. Another factor that led to the success of the implementation of the game was the performance of OSH agent who played a role as facilitator during the game. However, a strong management commitment developed based on a local-based OSH management system, remained as an important requirement for the creation of a safe work behaviour change and healthy workplace.

For further details log on website :
http://journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/jmht/article/view/12202

Susceptibility of Cultivated Plants to Sumatran Elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus) in The Human Elephants Conflict Area in Aceh Province

Author

Kaniwa Berliani, Hadi Sukadi Alikodra, Burhanuddin Masy'ud, Mirza Dikari Kusrini

Abstract

Study on human-elephant conflict was conducted in Aceh Province in August 2013−April 2014 to assess susceptibility of farms by crop raiding elephants. The locations were determined by selected areas impacted by elephant conflict including Cot Girek, Mane, Meureudu, Sampoiniet, and Pantai Ceureumen.  150 respondents was interviewed to  assess the variety of the commodity plant species cultivated by local community within study areas, species of damaged commodity plants,  species of undamaged commodity plants, and the planting system. There were 29 species considered as commodity plants cultivated by farmers. Moreover, 5 commodity plants were considered as high risk plants damaged by elephant including areca, banana, oil palm, paddy, and rubber. On the other hand, species considered as low risk or undamaged consist of cacao, coffee, chili, candlenut, and patchioli. Those low risk or undemaged commodity plants species have a potential to be promoted as elephant-friendly crop commodities in area adjacent to elephant habitat based on the analysis and the categorization of susceptibility of cultivated plants against crop raiding elephant. One of the problems of human-elephant conflict is crop raiding of village farms. It is assumed that elephants might destroy a particular species therefore  information on the species could assist farmers in selecting appropriate crop to be planted.  There is a risk that current polyculture and monoculture planting system used by farmers will not prevent farms from crop raiding elephants.

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http://journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/jmht/article/view/12201

Preliminary Stand Table for Average Dominant Trees of Jati Plus Perhutani in Saradan, Madiun, and Ngawi Forest Districs

Author

Rissa Rahmadwiati, Ronggo Sadono, Nunuk Supriyatno

Abstract

In order to realize sustainable teak forest management, the strategic plan of forest management is highly needed to establish the growth characteristics model of Jati Plus Perhutani (JPP). The most thing which cannot be ignored to estimate the growth and yield of teak is quantification of site quality differentiation. The objective of this study is to arrange and predict the properly yielded table of the average dominant trees of JPP in the forest management unit of Saradan, Madiun, and Ngawi. The trees sampling had been selected for the age of 6 to 12 years from the best compartment areas in JPP. Growth model and JPP's yield stands were predicted using growth parameters such as diameter (dbh), total height, clear bole height, volume, and growing space. Each parameter was analyzed using SPSS 20 statistical software to determine the best growth model that will then be used to predict the stand table parameters values. The equation was selected from the highest R2 value or the value which is approaching to 1, with low standard error estimation (SEE).  The result shows that best equation model to estimate the growth from tree parameters on medium site of JPP are dominated by S model and the best model for bole height is growth model. The data were taken from an initial observation as a preliminary study, further research is expected to enhance the results of current research to obtain the stand table which can be applied in the future.  

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http://journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/jmht/article/view/12200

The Farmers Perception on Effectiveness of Private Forest Revolving Fund Distribution and Factors Affecting its Repayment: Case in Katibung Subdistrict, South Lampung District, Lampung Province

Author

Sanudin Sanudin, San Afri Awang, Ronggo Sadono, Ris Hadi Purwanto

Abstract

Commercial banks are not interested in providing fund for community-based forest plantation development.  Therefore, in this case, non bank institutions such Forest Development Funding Center (pusat pembiayaan pembangunan hutan, PPPH) are highly required.  This paper is aimed to find out the effectiveness of private forest revolving fund distribution and factors affecting its repayment.  The research was conducted during September–December 2014 in 3 Private Forest Farmer Groups in Katibung Sub-District, South Lampung District, Lampung Province.  The data was collected through household surveys and in-depth interviews.  The household surveys were done using structured questionnaires that included questions related to: characteristics of the borrowers, characteristics of private forest, characteristics of loan, and household perceptions on private forest revolving fund.  Household perceptions on private forest revolving fund are pre requirement, loan procedure, loan realization, interest rate, length of repayment periode, and repayment procedure. The effectiveness of private forest revolving fund distribution was analyzed by likert scale and factors affecting repayment of loan was analyzed by logistic regression.  The result showed that: 1) private forest revolving fund in three private forest farmer groups in Katibung Sub-District, South Lampung District was effective, 2) income from non-private forest and amount of loan are factors affecting repayment of private forest revolving fund, 3) the faced problem in private forest revolving fund distribution could be overcame by maximizing the role of PPPH field officers in assisting and facilitating private forest revolving fund debitors candidate.

For further details log on website :
http://journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/jmht/article/view/12199

An Institutional Model of Transboundary Watershed Management Toward Sustainable Development

Author

Werenfridus Taena, Lala Mulyowibowo Kolopaking, Bambang Juanda, Baba Barus, Rizaldi Boer

Abstract

The objective of this study were to evaluate the institutional of watershed management in border area of Indonesia and Timor-Leste, and to design a model of transboundary watershed management institution for Indonesia and Timor-Leste.  Weighting of internal and external factors method was used to evaluate the institutional transboundary watershed management, while analytical hierarchy process was used to compute the institutional model of transboundary watershed management. The internal factors consists of: the commitment of the stakeholder in watershed management, development priorities at border area, the limited institutional cooperation, the land use changes. The external factors  are: international environmental agenda on development country, international conferences that supported the countries collaboration toward sustainable development achievement, supporting culture in forest and water resources protection, slash and burn cultivation activities, conflicts, lack of ecological.  The result showed that weighting of  internal and external factors on quadrant III is alternaltive institutional model of transboundary watershed management.  The priority alternatives institutional model and also road map for sustainable development are collaboration agreement of transboundary management, transboundary watershed forum, and autonomous transboundary watershed management. The alternatives institutional has relation with the development phase,  condition of local community and environment.

For further details log on website :
http://journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/jmht/article/view/12198

Spatial Metrics of Deforestation in Kampar and Indragiri Hulu, Riau Province

Author

Syamsu Rijal, Muhammad Buce Saleh, I Nengah Surati Jaya, Tatang Tiryana

Abstract

The Riau Province has been suffering from the highest deforestation rate in Sumatra, Indonesia. Many and various factors haved been discussed as causes of different deforestation types. This research is focused on evaluating the spatial pattern of deforestation in a specific location respresenting a typical deforestation in Riau. The main objective of this study was to identify spatial metrics to describe deforestation that occurred in Kampar and Indragiri Hulu regencies.The study divided the deforestation process into 3 periods of observation, e.g., 1990–2000, 2000–2010, and 2010–2014. The study based on Landsat satellite imagery aquired in 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2014 as the main data sources.  The deforestation  was detected using post-classification comparison (PCC) on the basis of 11 land cover classes developed prior to any further change detection.  The deforestation was initially derived from reclassifying the original classes into only forest and non-forest classes, and then followed by spatial pattern analysis using Fragstat software. The study shows that 2 spatial pattern of deforestation in Kampar distinctly differs from those occurred in Indragiri Hulu Regency, particularly for the period of 1990–2014. The spatial pattern of deforestation in Kampar Regency were clumped, low contiguous between patch, and high fragmentated. Meanwhile, the spatial pattern in Indragiri Hulu Regency were clumped, high contiguous between patch, and low fragmentated. Profile of deforestation in Kampar Regency was cathegorized into early deforestation and Indragiri Hulu Regency as lately deforestation.

For further details log on website :
http://journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/jmht/article/view/12197

Economic Valuation As a Basis for Sustainable Mangrove Resource Management: A Case in East Sinjai, South Sulawesi

Author

Sri Suharti, Dudung Darusman, Bramasto Nugroho, Leti Sundawati

Abstract

Diversity of mangrove function generates both tangible and intangible benefits and services causing its overall value is not easily recognized hence often overlooked in coastal areas development. The study used the total economic value as a framework for estimating the values of the different uses of mangroves in East Sinjai Sub District, South Sulawesi. Survey method was carried out from September  2014-February 2015. The results showed that total value of mangrove ecosystems in East Sinjai with total area of 758 ha is IDR37,535,809,496year-1. Those values were derived from direct benefits (polyculture fish pond, catching aquatic biota such as fish, shrimp, crab and milkfish, collecting fuelwood and bats catching) and from indirect benefits i.e. its function to evade abrasion and sea water intrusion, its function as carbon sink and sequestration, its biodiversity values and its existence benefits. The problem that should be anticipated is potential expansion of polyculture fishpond which drives clearing intact mangrove forests as it contributes quick and direct income to local people. The research results are expected could be used as a consideration for local government in formulating  recommendations for  sustainable mangrove management in East Sinjai.  

For further details log on website :
http://journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/jmht/article/view/11880

Simulating Harvest Schedule for Timber Management and Multipurpose Management in Teak Plantations

Author

Tatang Tiryana

Abstract

Sustainable management of teak plantations in Java requires an improvement of the existing yield regulation method to optimize multiple benefits of the plantations at risk of stand destruction. This study was therefore aimed to formulate an alternative harvest scheduling model that integrates risk of stand destruction for supporting multipurpose management of teak plantations. The proposed model used a state-space planning model to simulate the dynamic of plantations due to timber harvesting and stand destruction, and then sought optimal solutions for two management scenarios, i.e. timber management that optimized total harvest volume and multipurpose management that optimized net present value (NPV) while increasing carbon stocks. Using a case study on a typical teak plantation, this study confirmed that increasing destruction rates reduced harvest volumes, NPV, carbon stocks, and resulted in imbalanced ending age-class structures. Reducing cutting-age limit increased harvest volumes and NPV, but it also reduced carbon stocks of the plantations. Although the multipurpose management generated lower financial benefit, it maintained carbon stocks and produced better ending age-class structures compared to timber management. The proposed harvest scheduling model provides a useful planning tool for managing teak plantations.

For further details log on website :
http://journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/jmht/article/view/11879

Finishes on Antique Wood Furniture

By Ken Melchert

Many different finishes have been used to beautify and protect wood furniture through the centuries. Many historically authentic finishes were high maintenance, labor intensive, and not very durable, so the trend has been to more impervious and enduring finishes suitable for everyday living.

Simple wax finishes have been used for many years, especially on rustic or country pine furnishings because of its soft and satiny look. Wax is easily restored or brightened with a new application, damaged or dull spots are easy to blend. A disadvantage is that wax finishes can spot and stain easily from water, alcohol and cosmetics.

Oil finishes have also been used for hundreds of years. These penetrating oils are easy for amateurs to use because they are simply wiped or brushed onto the wood, allowed to sink in, and wiped dry. This process is repeated many times, until the desired sheen is developed. A disadvantage is that the finish may gradually dry out, requiring repeated applications, sometimes for years to maintain an even sheen. While not particularly durable, if there is damage, it is simple to add more oil and it blends in nicely.

Natural shellac was a very popular finish for furniture and floors a century ago. It affords warm color, but has very poor wearability and is easily damaged by both water and alcohol. Shellacked floors were usually redone annually. Similarly, French polish is a very laborious traditional technique that is very bright and glossy, and dramatically emphasizes the rich color and grain of beautiful wood. Especially popular in Europe, this finish is very sensitive to damage, costly to apply originally and to repair.

True natural varnish is rarely used anymore. While durable and attractive, it required very skilled application, many slow-drying coats and lots of surface preparation.

Traditional lacquer finishes have been popular for 100 years – they have good stain resistance, wear well and can be re-touched or re-coated fairly easily. Hard and fairly brittle, they can chip and crack, and sometimes get crazed or crackled – “alligatored” – over time. Strong and dangerous solvents are used in classic lacquer.

Most newly manufactured furniture has a single coat of plastic-type finish, usually polyurethane or polyester. While very tough and resistant to scratching and stains, the single layer of tinted finish means that a small scratch or ding may go through the finish to the wood underneath, exposing a different color. These finishes are very difficult to touch up, re-coat or remove for refinishing. The great advantages of this technique are time and labor savings for manufacturers. Many of these finishes are quick-cured with ultra-violet light, and some are water rather than solvent based. An esthetic disadvantage is a rather “plastic” look and feel.

A recent method of protecting furniture is water based lacquer, developed and perfected over recent decades in response to environmental and worker safety issues. Combining both water and alcohol resistance, these finishes have a more traditional varnished look, not so “plastic-like.” They are not as hard and brittle as some other finishes, and can be more easily touched up and re-coated when worn or damaged. Much less hazardous to work with, they are a good middle ground in appearance, durability, and restorability. Much as water base paint has all but replaced oil paint, these water - borne wood finishes are gaining on solvent - based finish.

These new water-base methods can incorporate traditional techniques of applying a base coat of stain, topped with repeated coats of clear finish, hand-sanded between every coating. While involving more labor than most manufacturers are willing to do, this step-by-step finish insures that minor damage to the finish doesn’t go deep into the color or the wood, which means it shows less. Touch-up or repairs to the finish or recoating in the future are relatively simple. Environmental and worker safety issues suggest that water-base finishes have an expanding future.

As far as maintenance is concerned, wax finishes are best polished with a dry cloth or a little additional wax. For the other finishes that have a hard surface, a little lemon oil, preferably with beeswax, will brighten and deepen the color. Research has shown that too frequent use of lemon oil will soften hard finishes, but in moderation, this is a great polish.

Paste wax has been a traditional furniture polish. Besides requiring much elbow grease, wax will turn white from something hot or wet. Spray commercial polishes (Pledge, Endust and the like) can cause a smeary silicone build-up that can be very hard to remove. They also make any kind of touch-up or refinishing problematic. “Oil and stain” polishes like Old English are temporary scratch covers. A much better idea is to use the marker type of scratch covers that come in all shades of wood finishes and easily help hide minor mars. These are available at most paint and hardware stores. Following with a lemon oil and beeswax polish will improve any dry or worn finish.

No single finish method is right for every piece of furniture, but considerations of cost, durability and beauty are all factors in the choice of preserving and enhancing antique wood furnishings for the future.


For further information log on website :
https://www.harpgallery.com/library/antiquefurniturefinishes.html

Lap-joint corrosion testing of precoated steel sheets

Published Date
September 2003, Volume 75, Issue 944, pp 43–54

Title 
Lap-joint corrosion testing of precoated steel sheets

Author 

Belén Chico, 

Daniel de la Fuente, 

Manuel Morcillo, 

José Antonio González, 

Eduardo Otero

Article

DOI: 10.1007/BF02757861

Cite this article as: 

Chico, B., de la Fuente, D., Morcillo, M. et al. Journal of Coatings Technology (2003) 75: 43. doi:10.1007/BF02757861

Abstract

In industry, and particularly in the building construction and automotive industries, lapjoint technology for precoated steel sheet assembly has undergone rapid development. However, the durability problems associated with joints of this type are well known, i.e., premature deterioration of protective coatings (metallic, organic) and accelerated metallic corrosion of the base steel by moisture retention in the joint, crevice corrosion, etc. The authors have been involved in researching lap-joint corrosion testing to learn the behavior of materials in these joints. The precoated steel sheet materials studied were divided into two groups according to their use in two well-defined industrial sectors: building (55% Al-Zn and hot-dip galvanized, painted and unpainted) and car manufacturing (electrogalvanized and galvanneal).

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For further details log on website :
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF02757861