Published Date 23 February 2005, Vol.280(3):467–478,doi:10.1016/j.jsv.2003.11.070 Author
Ratko Maretic,
Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, P.O. Box 55, 21121 Novi Sad , Serbia and Montenegro
Received 21 July 2003. Accepted 24 November 2003. Available online 2 September 2004.
Abstract A thin circular plate rotating at constant angular speed around the axis perpendicular to the plane of the plate is investigated in this paper. The axis of rotation is parallel to the plate's axis of symmetry and the distance between them is the plate's eccentricity. The outer edge of the plate is attached to a rigid body rotating together with the plate. The stresses and displacements in the plate's middle plane are determined in the paper. The natural frequencies of the transverse vibration with respect to angular speed and eccentricity are determined using Galerkin's method. The mode shapes for the certain frequencies are shown. Due to the plate's eccentricity and rotation, the mode shapes are deformed in comparison with the plate without eccentricity. It is shown that frequencies split for the asymmetric mode shapes, so that there are two different frequencies in those cases. The critical angular speed which results in stability loss in the first mode is determined.
Published Date 2004, Vol.161(3):271–276,doi:10.1078/0176-1617-01188 Author
Hisashi Kato-Noguchi a,,
aDepartment of Biochemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan
Received 15 April 2003. Accepted 20 August 2003. Available online 4 November 2004.
Summary Much research on rice allelopathy has been directed toward the selection of allelopathic rice strains and the identification of allelochemicals in rice. This paper briefly summarizes recent progress in the rice allelopathy and focuses on rediscovery of momilactone B as an allelochemical. A large number of rice varieties were found to inhibit the growth of several plant species when grown together under field and/or laboratory conditions. These findings suggest that rice probably produces and releases allelochemical(s) into the environment. The putative compound causing the inhibitory effect of rice was recently isolated from rice root exudates, and the chemical structure of the inhibitor was determined by spectral data as momilactone B. In addition, it has been found that momilactone B is released from rice roots into the neighboring environment, and the release level of momilactone B from rice may be sufficient to cause growth inhibition of neighboring plants. These findings suggest that momilactone B may play an important role in rice allelopathy. Key words
Published Date October 2010, Vol.37(10):653–666,doi:10.1016/S1673-8527(09)60084-9 Author
Wei Hao
Hong-Xuan Lin,
National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
Received 16 August 2010. Accepted 26 August 2010. Available online 27 October 2010.
Abstract
Rice is the primary carbohydrate staple cereal feeding the world population. Many genes, known as quantitative trait loci (QTLs), control most of the agronomically important traits in rice. The identification of QTLs controlling agricultural traits is vital to increase yield and meet the needs of the increasing human population, but the progress met with challenges due to complex QTL inheritance. To date, many QTLs have been detected in rice, including those responsible for yield and grain quality; salt, drought and submergence tolerance; disease and insect resistance; and nutrient utilization efficiency. Map-based cloning techniques have enabled scientists to successfully fine map and clone approximately seventeen QTLs for several traits. Additional in-depth functional analyses and characterizations of these genes will provide valuable assistance in rice molecular breeding.
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P.R. China
Available online 29 July 2007.
Abstract
Single segment substitution lines (SSSLs) each with a single chromosome segment from a donor under the same genetic background as the recipient were developed in rice by advanced backcrossing and molecular marker-assisted selection. Using the SSSLs, the QTLs for the important agronomic traits in rice would be detected under different environmental conditions. Detection of the QTLs controlling 22 important traits in rice was done with 32 SSSLs by the randomized block design in 2–4 cropping seasons. 59 QTLs were detected and distributed on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 10, and 11, of which 18 QTLs were detected more than twice. Only 30.5% of the QTLs were detected repeatedly in different cropping seasons. Most of the QTLs of important agronomic traits were of little additive effects and instability. The QTLs controlling the traits, such as grain weight, grain length, ratio of grain length to width, and heading date were relatively stable. The stable QTLs usually had larger additive effects and were less affected by environment. The QTLs for the important agronomic traits were detected using the SSSLs in rice with high resolution under different environmental conditions. The instability of the QTLs may be the basis of the variation of rice plants during growth and development. It would be the genetic basis for improving yield and quality in rice cultivars by farming methods.
Key words
rice
single segment substitution line
quantitative trait locus
agronomic trait
This paper is translated from its Chinese version in Scientia Agricultura Sinica.
aInstitute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Discovery, Life Science Research Center, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
bDepartment of Pediatrics and Group on the Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2S2, Canada
cDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, The Cumming School of Medicine, The University of Calgary, Health Sciences Center, 3330 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
dDepartment of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
eSchool of Nursing, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
Received 9 May 2014. Revised 13 October 2014. Accepted 13 October 2014. Available online 18 October 2014.
Highlights
This review provides a comprehensive and systematic introduction of LPL, from gene to AS.
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This review covered the latest developments of LPL involving GPIHBP1, Angptl4, apoA-V and apoC-I/III.
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We discussed the pro-atherogenic effect of LPL, which induce lipid accumulation and inflammation in arterial wall.
Abstract
Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is a key enzyme in lipid metabolism and responsible for catalyzing lipolysis of triglycerides in lipoproteins. LPL is produced mainly in adipose tissue, skeletal and heart muscle, as well as in macrophage and other tissues. After synthesized, it is secreted and translocated to the vascular lumen. LPL expression and activity are regulated by a variety of factors, such as transcription factors, interactive proteins and nutritional state through complicated mechanisms. LPL with different distributions may exert distinct functions and have diverse roles in human health and disease with close association with atherosclerosis. It may pose a pro-atherogenic or an anti-atherogenic effect depending on its locations. In this review, we will discuss its gene, protein, synthesis, transportation and biological functions, and then focus on its regulation and relationship with atherosclerosis and potential underlying mechanisms. The goal of this review is to provide basic information and novel insight for further studies and therapeutic targets.
Graphical abstract
With the lipolysis of TRL by LPL, the released FFA and RLP may trigger inflammatory response, increase the arterial permeability and induce EC apoptosis. After entering into the arterial wall, RLPs can bind to proteoglycans and cell HSPG, promoting their retention. In the plaques, LPL produced by macrophages can further hydrolyze RLPs and facilitate their uptake, leading to lipid accumulation and foam cell formation. Taken together, they promote the development of AS.
Keywords
LPL
Lipoprotein
Lipid
Triglyceride
Inflammation
Atherosclerosis
Abbreviations
LPL, lipoprotein lipase
TG, triglyceride
CM, chylomicron
VLDL, very low density lipoprotein
FFA, free fatty acid
FA, fatty acid
ER, endoplasmic reticulum
LMF1, lipase maturation factor 1
SorLA, sortilin-related receptor with A-type repeats
TGN, trans Golgi network
LS, lysosome
HSPG, heparan sulfate proteoglycans
HS, heparan sulfate
EC, endothelial cell
VEC, vascular endothelial cell
VLDLR, very low density lipoprotein receptor
GPIHBP1, glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored high density lipoprotein–binding protein 1
PPRE, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor responsive element
