Building a Traditional 18th-century Jointer Plane with Bill Anderson

• Overview
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Traditional hand plane making … made simpler in this step-by-step tutorial. Bill Anderson offers a visually stunning and very detailed video about traditional plane making that is comprehensive enough for even beginners to successfully follow along and build a jointer plane of their own. Filmed on location in Roy Underhill’s Woodwright’s School in Pittsboro, North Carolina, Bill shows how to make an 18th Century jointer plane with only traditional woodworking hand tools. Bill simplifies the complicated hand plane building process, including wood selection, layout, mortising, using floats, building handles, chamfering the edges, truing the bottom, and finishing the plane.

*Note: Due to length, this video has been split into two parts.

About Bill Anderson
Bill Anderson lives on Edwards Mountain in Chatham County, North Carolina. In addition to building beautiful period furniture, he teaches woodworking classes focusing on handtool woodworking skills at the Woodwright’s School and at the John C. Campbell Folk School. He is a member of the Society of American Period Furniture Makers, Midwest Tool Collectors Association and Early American Industries Association. Bill is well known for his teaching ability and passion for simplifying traditional woodworking for beginners.

For further information log on website :
https://videos.popularwoodworking.com/courses/building-a-traditional-18th-century-jointer-plane-with-bill-anderson-part-1

Highly conserved sequence of ClPKS11 encodes a novel polyketide synthase involved in curcumin biosynthesis in turmeric (Curcuma longa L.)

Published Date
Industrial Crops and Products
March 2017, Vol.97:229–241, doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.12.003

Author 

• Deepa K ^a,c
• Sheeja TE ^a,,,
• Rosana OB ^a
• Srinivasan V ^b
• Krishnamurthy KS ^b
• Sasikumar B^a

• aDivision of Crop Improvement and Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research, Kozhikode, Kerala 673012, India
• bDivision of Crop Protection, ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research, Kozhikode, Kerala 673012, India
• cUniversity of Calicut, Malappuram, Kerala 673635, India

Received 15 July 2016. Revised 30 November 2016. Accepted 5 December 2016. Available online 26 December 2016. 

Highlights

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  Comparative expression of polyketide synthases involved in curcumin biosynthesis was studied and a novel gene, ClPKS11 (Curcuma longa polyketide synthase 11) was isolated from turmeric.
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  Expression of ClPKS11 correlated with curcumin content.
• •
  Involvement of ClPKS11 in curcumin biosynthesis was confirmed by multiple sequence alignment of full length cDNA and molecular docking studies.

Abstract
In order to elucidate a gene regulation model for biosynthesis of the major pharmaceutical compound curcumin in turmeric (Curcuma longa), a precise knowledge of sequence diversity and expression patterns of key genes of the pathway is necessary. Polyketide synthases (PKS) being the key enzymes involved in the pathway, attempts were made to mine the major PKS from the transcriptome of the Curcuma rhizome. Comparative expression of candidate genes vis a vis curcumin content across accessions, various developmental stages, environmental conditions and management practices was analyzed. The full length cDNA of a novel PKS, showing higher transcript abundance and significant correlation with curcumin content was amplified and bioinformatic analysis was carried out. The present study could mine 63 transcripts of PKS from Curcuma transcriptome and among them, a novel transcript (ClPKS11) showed 69 fold higher expression in a high curcumin variety. The expression of ClPKS11 correlated with curcumin content under different experimental conditions. It contained an open reading frame of 1176 bp, encoding a polypeptide of 391 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 42.9 kDa. CLPKS11 showed maximum identity of 72% with CURS3 (curcumin synthase 3) and exhibited amino acid differences in the substrate binding pocket, cyclization pocket and geometry shapers surrounding the active site. Molecular docking studies indicated a high substrate affinity for CLPKS11. Intrinsic levels of ClPKS11 may be used as a marker for screening for curcumin, as it shows divergent expressions in high and low curcumin genotypes that are detectable even at the very early developmental stage. The present study also laid the foundation for over expression of ClPKS11 in turmeric to investigate its physiological role in curcumin biosynthesis.

Keywords

Curcumin

Polyketide synthase

Full length cDNA

Docking

Transcriptome

Gene expression

Open reading frame

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For further details log on website :
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0926669016308330

Analysis of flavonoids and antioxidants in extracts of ferns from Tianmu Mountain in Zhejiang Province (China)

Published Date
Industrial Crops and Products
March 2017, Vol.97:137–145, doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.12.013

• Author 

• Xin Wang ^a,b,c
• Minglong Wang ^a
• Jianguo Cao ^a
• Yuhuan Wu ^d
• Jianbo Xiao ^e
• Quanxi Wang ^a,f,,

• aCollege of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Rd., Shanghai 200234, China
• bUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Rd., Beijing 100049, China
• cInsititute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Rd., Shenyang 110016, China
• dCollege of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 16 Xuelin Rd., Hangzhou 310036, China
• eState Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
• fShanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, 3888 Chenhua Rd., Shanghai 200234, China

Received 9 September 2016. Revised 28 November 2016. Accepted 8 December 2016. Available online 20 December 2016.

Highlights

• •
  Flavonoids contents and antioxidant activity of extracts from ferns in Tianmu Mountain (China) were investigated in detail.
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  44 species of ferns were investigated for the first time.
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  DPPH and ABTS free radicals scavenging activities of flavonoid extracts from 44 ferns were investigated for the first time.
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  Total flavonoid contents and radical scavenging potentials of fern allies were lower than those of filicinae.
• •
  Effects of ecological factors on total flavonoid concentrations and antioxidant activity were significant.

Abstract
Flavonoid extracts of fern are conductive to phylogeny and genesiology as well as pharmacological activities. Ferns are widely distributed in Tianmu Mountain. Flavonoid concentrations and antioxidant activity in extracts of 49 ferns from Tianmu Mountain were investigated and analyzed. The result showed that the total flavonoid contents of 49 ferns ranged from 3.3 to 191.7 mg/g (w/w). Total flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity of fern allies were lower than those of filicinae. Woodwardia japonica^a contained the highest flavonoid content (191.7 mg/g). The results also showed that most of ferns from Tianmu Mountain had strong antioxidant activity. The extracts from A. rhomboidea showed the highest DPPH scavenging activity, while extracts from W. japonica^a showed the highest ABTS scavenging activity. The flavonoid contents of ferns are affected by ecological factors. In general, ferns living under dimmer sunshine have higher flavonoid contents and stronger ABTSscavenging activity than those living under strong sunshine. The ferns grown in trees, high altitude and high latitude contain higher flavonoid concentrations, whereas the ferns grown in soil, high altitude contain higher antioxidant activity.

Keywords

Flavonoid concentrations

Antioxidant activities

Tianmu mountain

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  Corresponding author at: College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Rd., Shanghai 200234, China.

For further details log on website :
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0926669016308433