Host-mediated shift in the cold tolerance of an invasive insect

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• Morey, Amy C.
• Venette, Robert C.
• Nystrom Santacruz, Erica C.
• Mosca, Laurel A.
• Hutchison, W. D.

Year Published

2016

Source

Ecology and Evolution. 6(22): 8267-8275.

Abstract

While many insects cannot survive the formation of ice within their bodies, a few species can. On the evolutionary continuum from freeze-intolerant (i.e., freeze-avoidant) to freeze-tolerant insects, intermediates likely exist that can withstand some ice formation, but not enough to be considered fully freeze tolerant. Theory suggests that freeze tolerance should be favored over freeze avoidance among individuals that have low relative fitness before exposure to cold. For phytophagous insects, numerous studies have shown that host (or nutrition) can affect fitness and cold-tolerance strategy, respectively, but no research has investigated whether changes in fitness caused by different hosts of polyphagous species could lead to systematic changes in cold-tolerance strategy. We tested this relationship with the invasive, polyphagous moth, Epiphyas postvittana (Walker). Host affected components of fitness, such as larval survivorship rates, pupal mass, and immature developmental times. Host species also caused a dramatic change in survival of late-instar larvae after the onset of freezing— from less than 8% to nearly 80%. The degree of survival after the onset of freezing was inversely correlated with components of fitness in the absence of cold exposure. Our research is the first empirical evidence of an evolutionary mechanism that may drive changes in cold-tolerance strategies. Additionally, characterizing the effects of host plants on insect cold tolerance will enhance forecasts of invasive species dynamics, especially under climate change.

Keywords

• Epiphyas postvittana
• fitness
• partial freeze tolerance
• polyphagy
• risk assessment
• supercooling point

Citation

Morey, Amy C.; Venette, Robert C.; Nystrom Santacruz, Erica C.; Mosca, Laurel A.; Hutchison, W.D. 2016. Host-mediated shift in the cold tolerance of an invasive insect. Ecology and Evolution. 6(22): 8267-8275.

Last updated on: November 22, 2016

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https://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/pubs/53237

First detection of bat white-nose syndrome in western North America

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• Lorch, Jeffrey M.
• Palmer, Jonathan M.
• Lindner, Daniel L.
• Ballmann, Anne E.
• George, Kyle G.
• Griffin, Kathryn
• Knowles, Susan
• Huckabee, John R.
• Haman, Katherine H.
• Anderson, Christopher D.
• Becker, Penny A.
• Buchanan, Joseph B.
• Foster, Jeffrey T.
• Blehert, David S.
• McMahon, Katherine

Year Published

2016

Source

mSphere

Abstract

White-nose syndrome (WNS) is an emerging fungal disease of bats caused by Pseudogymnoascus destructans. Since it was first detected near Albany, NY, in 2006, the fungus has spread across eastern North America, killing unprecedented numbers of hibernating bats. The devastating impacts of WNS on Nearctic bat species are attributed to the likely introduction of P. destructans from Eurasia to naive host populations in eastern North America. Since 2006, the disease has spread in a gradual wavelike pattern consistent with introduction of the pathogen at a single location. Here, we describe the first detection of P. destructans in western North America in a little brown bat (Myotis lucifugus) from near Seattle, WA, far from the previously recognized geographic distribution of the fungus. Whole-genome sequencing and phylogenetic analyses indicated that the isolate of P. destructans from Washington grouped with other isolates of a presumed clonal lineage from the eastern United States. Thus, the occurrence of P. destructans in Washington does not likely represent a novel introduction of the fungus from Eurasia, and the lack of intensive surveillance in the western United States makes it difficult to interpret whether the occurrence of P. destructans in the Pacific Northwest is disjunct from that in eastern North America. Although there is uncertainty surrounding the impacts of WNS in the Pacific Northwest, the presence of the pathogen in western North America could have major consequences for bat conservation.

Keywords

• Pseudogymnoascus destructans
• Washington
• bat
• white-nose syndrome

Citation

Lorch, Jeffrey M.; Palmer, Jonathan M.; Lindner, Daniel L.; Ballmann, Anne E.; George, Kyle G.; Griffin, Kathryn; Knowles, Susan; Huckabee, John R.; Haman, Katherine H.; Anderson, Christopher D.; Becker, Penny A.; Buchanan, Joseph B.; Foster, Jeffrey T.; Blehert, David S.; McMahon, Katherine 2016. First detection of bat white-nose syndrome in western North America. mSphere. 1(4): e00148-16. 5 p. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mSphere.00148-16

Last updated on: December 22, 2016

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https://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/pubs/53327

Reproduction of walnut twig beetle in black walnut and butternut

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• Hefty, Andrea R.
• Coggeshall, Mark V.
• Aukema, Brian H.
• Venette, Robert C.
• Seybold, Steven J.

Year Published

2016

Source

HortTechnology. 26: 727-734.

Abstract

The walnut twig beetle [WTB (Pityophthorus juglandis Blackman)] is the primary insect vector for a pathogen that causes thousand cankers disease (TCD), a disease complex that leads to mortality in species of walnut (Juglans L.). We performed field and laboratory trials to determine if reproduction by WTB varies between two black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) parent trees of a full-sib mapping population of 323 offspring, and between black walnut and butternut (Juglans cinerea L.). These two tree species are native to eastern North America. In field trials, we found no significant differences in colonization density or mean number of adult offspring per female among branch sections from black walnut parent trees or among branch sections from black walnut and butternut, respectively. In laboratory trials with controlled colonization densities of WTB, we found that significantly fewer adult offspring developed in branch sections of the black walnut maternal 'Sparrow' parent than the paternal 'Schessler' parent over three summer months and one winter month. In the field, high colonization densities likely limited reproduction due to increased intraspecific competition beneath the bark. In the laboratory, where we established a lower colonization density, reproduction was likely influenced by differences in host quality. In laboratory trials, no differences were detected in the number of adult offspring emerging from black walnut and butternut accessions. This finding suggests that butternut is a suitable host for WTB. Future screening of the full-sib mapping population of 323 offspring of black walnut parent trees for WTB resistance is a warranted next step in developing alternative management strategies for TCD in black walnut.

Keywords

• Pityophthorus juglandis
• Juglans
• host colonization
• thousand cankers disease
• insect-disease complex
• domestic invasive species

Citation

Hefty, Andrea R.; Coggeshall, Mark V.; Aukema, Brian H.; Venette, Robert C.; Seybold, Steven J. 2016. Reproduction of walnut twig beetle in black walnut and butternut. HortTechnology. 26: 727-734.

Last updated on: January 4, 2017

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https://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/pubs/53357

Robust surveillance and control of invasive species using a scenario optimization approach

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• Yemshanov, Denys
• Haight, Robert G.
• Koch, Frank H.
• Lu, Bo
• Venette, Robert C.
• Fournier, Ronald E.
• Turgeon, Jean J.

Year Published

2017

Source

Ecological Economics. 133: 86-98.

Abstract

Uncertainty about future outcomes of invasions is a major hurdle in the planning of invasive species management programs. We present a scenario optimization model that incorporates uncertainty about the spread of an invasive species and allocates survey and eradication measures to minimize the number of infested or potentially infested host plants on the landscape. We demonstrate the approach by allocating surveys outside the quarantine area established following the discovery of the Asian longhorned beetle (ALB) in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA), Ontario, Canada. We use historical data on ALB spread to generate a set of invasion scenarios that characterizes the uncertainty of the pest's extent in the GTA. We then use these scenarios to find allocations of surveys and tree removals aimed at managing the spread of the pest in the GTA. It is optimal to spend approximately one fifth of the budget on surveys and the rest on tree removal. Optimal solutions do not always select sites with the greatest propagule pressure, but in some cases focus on sites with moderate likelihoods of ALB arrival and low host densities. Our approach is generalizable and helps support decisions regarding control of invasive species when knowledge about a species' spread is uncertain.

Keywords

• Asian longhorned beetle
• Uncertainty
• Scenario-based model
• Mixed integer programming
• Robust optimization
• Human-mediated spread

Citation

Yemshanov, Denys; Haight, Robert G.; Koch, Frank H.; Lu, Bo; Venette, Robert; Fournier, Ronald E.; Turgeon, Jean J. 2017. Robust surveillance and control of invasive species using a scenario optimization approach. Ecological Economics. 133: 86-98.

Last updated on: January 4, 2017

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https://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/pubs/53355

Cold tolerance of Trissolcus japonicus and T. cultratus, potential biological control agents of Halyomorpha halys, the brown marmorated stink bug

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• Nystrom Santacruz, Erica
• Venette, Robert C.
• Dieckhoff, Christine
• Hoelmer, Kim
• Koch, Robert L.

Year Published

2017

Source

Biological Control. 107: 11-20.

Abstract

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is native to Asia and has become a severe agricultural and nuisance pest in the U.S. Therefore, foreign exploration was conducted in Asia to identify potential classical biological control agents. Several Trissolcus spp. (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) parasitize H. halyseggs in Asia and are being evaluated for potential release in the U.S. Since H. halys has invaded regions that experience sub-zero winter temperatures, cold tolerance is important for evaluation of Trissolcus spp. Our study compared the cold tolerance of populations of T. japonicus and T. cultratus, in order to assess relative suitability of the populations for release. We used thermocouple thermometry to determine the supercooling point and lower lethal temperature after brief exposure to cold temperature for each population. In addition, we subjected adult T. japonicus to a short photoperiod and low temperature regime, which increases cold tolerance in H. halys, to observe whether these conditions cause a change in cold tolerance in the parasitoid. We found that populations of both species froze and survived at colder temperatures than those reported forH. halys. In addition, there were no ecologically relevant differences in the temperature at which freezing or survival occurred among populations of either species, indicating that these populations are equally cold tolerant and suitable for introduction. Finally, T. japonicus does not acclimate by increasing cold tolerance in response to conditions that increase cold tolerance in H. halys, suggesting that the above-mentioned measures of cold tolerance are ecologically relevant.

Keywords

• Scelionidae
• Supercooling point
• Lower lethal temperature
• Geographic variation
• Longevity
• Acclimation

Citation

Nystrom Santacruz, Erica; Venette, Robert; Dieckhoff, Christine; Hoelmer, Kim; Koch, Robert L. 2017. Cold tolerance of Trissolcus japonicus and T. cultratus, potential biological control agents of Halyomorpha halys, the brown marmorated stink bug. Biological Control. 107: 11-20.

Last updated on: January 31, 2017

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https://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/pubs/53501

Molecular phylogeny of Laetiporusand other brown rot polypore genera in North America

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• Lindner, Daniel L.
• Banik, Mark T.

Year Published

2008

Source

Mycologia. 100(3): 417-430.

Abstract

Phylogenetic relationships were investigated among North American species of Laetiporus, Leptoporus, Phaeolus, Pycnoporellus, and Wolfiporia using ITS, nuclear large subunit and mitochondrial small subunit rDNA sequences. Members of these genera have poroid hymenophores, simple septate hyphae and cause brown rots in a variety of substrates. Analyses indicate that Laetiporus and Wolfiporia are not monophyletic. All North American Laetiporus species formed a well supported monophyletic group (the "core Laetiporusclade" or Laetiporus s.s.) with the exception of L. persicinus, which showed little affinity for any genus for which sequence data are available.

Keywords

• evolution
• Fungi
• Macrohyporia
• Polyporaceae
• Poria
• root rot
• sulfur shelf
• Wolfiporia
• extensa

Citation

Lindner, Daniel L.; Banik, Mark T. 2008. Molecular phylogeny of Laetiporus and other brown rot polypore genera in North America. Mycologia. 100(3): 417-430.

Last updated on: January 6, 2009

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https://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/pubs/9125

Tree Physiological Responses to Stress

Forest health and productivity are threatened by an inadequate understanding of key physiological responses of trees to environmental stress.

In response to environmental stress, healthy trees adjust their metabolic pathways to produce an array of biochemical compounds to favor survival and continued growth. Because forests are exposed to increased sources and levels of stress, the ability of trees to adequately respond and compensate for stress is increasingly important. Critical classes of compounds associated with the response of trees to stress include nitrogen-containing metabolites (polyamines, amino acids, proteins, chlorophyll), antioxidants, organic acids, phytochelatins, and anthocyanins. Most of these metabolites are sensitive to changes in the soil chemical environment.

Selected Research Summaries

• Acid Rain and Calcium Depletion
• Climate Change and Yellow-Cedar Decline
• Red Leaf Color as an Indicator of Environmental Stress
• Tree Recovery from Ice-storm Injury
• Tree Biology and Tree Care
• The Adaptive Tradeoffs between Boreal and Temperate Conifers in a Warming World
• Linking Wood Stake Decomposition in the Forest Floor and Mineral Soil with Soil Productivity in the Northern Research Station

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https://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/units/foresthealth/focus/stress_responses/

Boletes from Belize and the Dominican Republic

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• Ortiz-Santana, Beatriz
• Lodge, D. Jean
• Baroni, Timothy J.
• Both, Ernst E.

Year Published

2007

Source

Fungal Diversity. 27: 247-416.

Abstract

This paper presents results of surveys of stipitate-pileate Boletales in Belize and the Dominican Republic. A key to the Boletales from Belize and the Dominican Republic is provided, followed by descriptions, drawings of the micro-structures and photographs of each identified species. Approximately 456 collections from Belize and 222 from the Dominican Republic were studied comprising 58 species of boletes, greatly augmenting the knowledge of the diversity of this group in the Caribbean Basin. A total of 52 species in 14 genera were identified from Belize, including 14 new species. Twenty-nine of the previously described species are new records for Belize and 11 are new for Central America. In the Dominican Republic, 14 species in 7 genera were found, including 4 new species, with one of these new species also occurring in Belize, i.e. Retiboletus vinaceipes. Only one of the previously described species found in the Dominican Republic is a new record for Hispaniola and the Caribbean.

Keywords

• Boletales
• Caribbean
• Central America
• systematics

Citation

Ortiz-Santana, Beatriz; Lodge, D. Jean; Baroni, Timothy J.; Both, Ernst E. 2007. Boletes from Belize and the Dominican Republic. Fungal Diversity. 27: 247-416.

Last updated on: March 11, 2009

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https://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/pubs/9078

Dendrothele griseocana (Corticiaceae) and related taxa with hyphal pegs

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• Nakasone, Karen K.

Year Published

2006

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Nova hedwigia. Vol. 83, nos. 1/2 (Aug. 2006): pages 99-108.

Abstract

Four Dendrothele (Corticiaceae, Polyporales) species with hyphal pegs are described and illustrated. Type specimens of Corticium griseocanum and Dendrothele papillosa were examined and found to be conspecific. Two new taxa, D. americana and D. tanzaniana, are described and illustrated, and the new combination, Dendrothele andina, is proposed. A key to D. griseocana and similar taxa with hyphal pegs is provided.

Keywords

• Odontia andina
• Dendrothele
• hyphal pegs
• Tanzania
• Basidiomycetes
• fungi
• classification
• identification
• hyphae
• Corticiaceae
• Dendrothele papillosa
• Dendrothele griseocanum
• Dendrothele andina

Citation

Nakasone, Karen K. 2006. Dendrothele griseocana (Corticiaceae) and related taxa with hyphal pegs. Nova hedwigia. Vol. 83, nos. 1/2 (Aug. 2006): pages 99-108.

Last updated on: July 15, 2008

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https://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/pubs/5357

Leptocorticium (Corticiaceae s.l., Basidiomycota): new species and combinations

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• Nakasone, Karen K.

Year Published

2005

Source

Mycological progress. Vol. 4, no. 3 (Aug. 2005): pages 251-256.

Abstract

The genus Leptocorticium is redescribed, and a key to the species is provided. A new taxon, Leptocorticium tenellum, is described, and two new combinations, L. sasae and L. utribasidiatum, are proposed. Dentocorticium nephrolepidis is determined to be conspecific with L. cyatheae. All four species are described and illustrated.

Keywords

• Corticiaceace
• Dentocorticium
• Dendrothele
• Basidiomycetes
• identification
• fungi
• classification
• Dentocorticium nephrolepidis
• Leptocorticium tenellum
• Leptocorticium sasae
• taxonomy
• Leptocorticium cyatheae
• Leptocorticium ultribasidiatum

Citation

Nakasone, Karen K. 2005. Leptocorticium (Corticiaceae s.l., Basidiomycota): new species and combinations. Mycological progress. Vol. 4, no. 3 (Aug. 2005): pages 251-256.

Last updated on: July 15, 2008

For further details log on website :
https://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/pubs/5356