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Monday 12 December 2016

Development of New Product: Rambutan Pulpy Juice

Published Date
2015, Vol.3:413425doi:10.1016/j.profoo.2015.01.046
The First International Symposium on Food and Agro-biodiversity Conducted by Indonesian Food Technologists Community
Open Access, Creative Commons license

Author 

  • Ermi Sukasih ,
  •  
  • Setyadjit
  • Indonesian Centre for Agriculture Postharvest Research and Development Cimanggu Agriculture Campus, Jl. Tentara Pelajar no. 12, Bogor 16114, Indonesia


Abstract

This study aimed to know the effect of adding pulp in rambutan fruit juice on the characteristics of rambutan juice during storage. Research using the CRD, the treatment were kind of pulp (mandarin and rambutan) and pulp concentration (5%, 7.5%, and 10%). The results showed that the addition of pulp significantly affect the characteristics of rambutan juice (pH, vitamin C, total acid) during storage. Pulpy juice with the most prefered was addition of rambutan pulp as much as 7.5% (w/v) and the addition of citrus pulp as much as 7.5% (w/v) with the score of 3-4 (moderate like - like).

Keywords


  • pulpy juice
  • rambutan
  • citrus 
  • storage



  • References

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      • Ong,P.K.C, Acree,T.E. and E.H. Lavin. 1998. Characterization of Volatiles in Rambutan Fruit (Nephelium lappaceum L.). Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry, 46 (1998), pp. 611-615.
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      • Harry. 2008. “Minute Maid Pulpy Orange”, Welcomes the Eid holidays. [connect periodically]. http://www.wisatanet.com/templete/index.php (14 October 2011).
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      • Gomez JA, Tarrega A, Bayarri S, Carbonell JV. 2009. Clarification and gelation of a minimally heated orange juice concentrate during its refrigerated strorage. Journal of Food Process Engineering.
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      • Pantastico E.B. 1986 Physiology of Post Harvest Handling and Use of Fruits and Vegetables Tropical and Subtropical. (in Bahasa Indonesia). Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press.
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      • Islam M.S, Matsui T, Yoshida Y. 1996. Carbohydrate content and the activities of sucrose synthase, sucrose phosphate synthase and acid invertase in different tomato cultivars during fruit development. Sci. Hort. 65 : 125-136.
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      • Irving DE, Hurst PL, Ragg JS. 1997. Changes carbohydrate and metabolizing enzymes during the development, maturation, and ripening of buttercup squash (Cucurbita maxima D. ‘Delica’). J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 122:310-314.
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      • Kimball DA. 1999. Citrus Processing A Complete Guide Second Edition. Maryland: Aspen Publisher.
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      • Susanto S, Mahardika IBK, Aryani. 2009 Big Citrus Fruit Quality Changes (Citrus grandis L. Osbeck) ‘Bali Red’ During Ripening and Storage Period. Denpasar: Denpasar Warmadewa University.
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      • Janick, J. 2010. Rambutan. Horticultural Review . John Wiley and Sons Inc. USA (16):185.
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      • Harjadi W. 1992 Basic Analytical Chemistry. Jakarta: Gramedia.
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      • Kusuma, H.R, Indraswati, N and Martina. 2007 Effect of Pasteurization on the Quality of Orange Juice Pacitan. Widya Engineering 6 (2): 142-151.
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      • Davidek,J.,J. Velisek, J. Pokorny.1990. Chemichal Changes During Food Processing. Elsevier.Amsterdam.
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      • Pancoast,H.M. dan W. Ray.Junk.1980.Hand Book of Sugar Second Edition.The AVI Publishing Company Inc.Westport.Connecticut.

    • Peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee of Indonesian Food Technologist Community.
    • ⁎ 
      Corresponding author.
    For further details log on website :
    http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211601X15000474

    How urbanization affects CO2 emissions in Malaysia? The application of STIRPAT model

    Published Date
    May 2016, Vol.57:8393, doi:10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.096

  • Author 
  • Muhammad Shahbaz a,
  • Nanthakumar Loganathan b,
  • Ahmed Taneem Muzaffar c,d,
  • Khalid Ahmed e,,
  • Muhammad Ali Jabran f,

  • aEnergy Research Centre, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore Campus, Pakistan
    bFaculty of Economics and Business Management, Universiti Sultan ZainalAbidin, 21300 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
    cSchool of Business, University of Western Sydney, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
    dSchool of Business, University of Notre Dame, Australia
    eSukkur Institute of Business Administration (Sukkur-IBA), Airport Road, Sukkur 65200, Pakistan
    fDepartment of Management Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore, Pakistan

    Received 28 May 2015. Revised 23 September 2015. Accepted 17 December 2015. Available online 4 January 2016. 

    Abstract

    We investigate the impact of urbanization on CO2 emissions by applying the Stochastic Impacts by Regression on Population, Affluence and Technology (STIRPAT) in the case of Malaysia over the period of 1970Q1–2011Q4. Empirically, after testing the integrating properties of the variables using the unit root test, we applied the Bayer–Hanck combined cointegration approach to examine the cointegration relationship between the variables. Further, we tested the robustness of the long-run relationship in the presence of structural breaks using ARDL bounds testing approach. The causal relationship between the variables is investigated by applying the VECM Granger causality test. Our results validate the existence of cointegration in the presence of structural breaks. The empirical results exposed that economic growth is a major contributor to CO2 emissions. Besides, energy consumption raises emissions intensity and capital stock boosts energy consumption. Trade openness leads affluence and hence increases CO2 emissions. More importantly, we find that the relationship between urbanization and CO2 emissions is U-shaped i.e. urbanization initially reduces CO2 emissions, but after a threshold level, it increases CO2 emissions. The causality analysis suggests that the urbanization Granger causes CO2 emissions.

    Keywords

  • Urbanization
  • Energy
  • Malaysia

  • Fig. 1.
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    Fig. 2.
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     Table 7
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    • ⁎ 
      Corresponding author.


    For further details log on website :
    http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032115014793

    Influence of local climate and ENSO on the growth of Abarco (Cariniana pyriformis) in Chocó, Colombia

    Published Date
    Volume 29, Issue 1pp 97–107

    Original Paper
    DOI: 10.1007/s00468-014-1094-y


    Cite this article as: 
    Moreno, M.M. & del Valle, J.I. Trees (2015) 29: 97. doi:10.1007/s00468-014-1094-y


    Author 
    • Miyer M. Moreno
    • Jorge I. del Valle
    Abstract

    Key message

    The tropical treeCariniana pyriformisthat grows in the rainforest of the Colombian Darien Gap has annual rings sensitive to precipitation and to ENSO and dual porosity: diffuse, and semi-ring-porous.

    Abstract

    We conducted a dendrochronological study of the species Cariniana pyriformis (Abarco), which grows in the tropical rainforests of the Colombian Pacific. We used cross sections of 13 trees, from which we measured the widths of the rings of 33 series using standard dendrochronological procedures. We found that this species has distinct annual rings and dual porosity: diffuse and semi-ring-porous. The average correlation between the individual series and the mean chronology (mean intercorrelation) was 0.49 (P = 0.01). The calculated residual chronology is reliable according to several different indices (expressed population signal = 0.92; common signal percentage = 92 %; signal-to-noise ratio = 11.52; mean sensitivity = 0.22). The chronology was insensitive to the annual and monthly mean temperatures. However, the residual chronology was positively correlated with the annual rainfall (r = 0.33, P = 0.046) and the monthly rainfall from May (r = 0.34, P = 0.039) and September (r = 0.32, P = 0.054) as well as the annual (r = 0.34, P = 0.004) SOI (Southern Oscillation Index) and the monthly SOI values during January, March, April, October and November (r between 0.28 and 0.32, P between 0.012 and 0.032). Using the MEI (Multivariate ENSO Index) and ONI (Oceanic El Niño Index) indices, we also found significant correlations, though these were negative trends (r = −0.38, P = 0.0019 and r = −0.35, P = 0.0042, respectively); both indices exhibited better monthly correlations during the first 5 months of the year (r ≥ −0.33, P ≤ 0.01).
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    For further details log on website :
    http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00468-014-1094-y

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