SYBR® Green qPCR Screening Methods for Detection of Anti-herbicide Genes in Genetically Modified Processed Products

Published Date

March 2016, Vol.23(1):57–64, doi:10.1016/S1006-8104(16)30033-2

Title 

SYBR^® Green qPCR Screening Methods for Detection of Anti-herbicide Genes in Genetically Modified Processed Products

• Author 

• Zhen Zhen ^a,b,
• Lv Wei ^a,b
• Tang Zhi-fen ^c
• Liu Ying ^a,b
• Ao Jin-xia ^a,b,,
• Yuan Xiao-han ^a,b
• Zhang Ming-hui ^a,b
• Qiu You-wen ^a,b
• Gao Xue-jun ^a,b

• aCollege of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
• bAgricultural Biological Functional Gene Laboratory, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
• cHarbin WEIKE Biotechnology Company, Harbin 150030, China

Received 7 September 2015. Available online 9 April 2016.

Abstract

The use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) as food products becomes more and more widespread. The European Union has implemented a set of very strict procedures for the approval to grow, import and/or utilize GMOs as food or food ingredients. Thus, analytical methods for detection of GMOs are necessary in order to verify compliance with labelling requirements. There are few effective screening methods for processed GM (genetically modified) products. Three anti-herbicide genes (CP4-EPSPS, BAR and PAT) are common exogenous genes used in commercialized transgenic soybean, maize and rice. In the present study, a new SYBR^® Green qPCR screening method was developed to simultaneously detect the three exogenous anti-herbicide genes and one endogenous gene in a run. We tested seven samples of representative processed products (soya lecithin, soya protein powder, chocolate beverage, infant rice cereal, maize protein powder, maize starch, and maize jam) using the developed method, and amplicons of endogenous gene and transgenic fragments were obtained from all the processed products, and the sensitivity was 0.1%. These results indicated that SYBR^® Green qPCR screening method was appropriate for qualitative detection of transgenic soybean, maize and rice in processed products.

Key words

real-time PCR

food and feed analysis

GMO detection

herbicide resistance

SYBR^®Green

---

Vitae

Zhen Zhen (1982-), female, experimentalist, Master, engaged in the research of detection techiques of GMO field.

• Supported by the Funds of the Scientific Research Foundation of Northeast Agricultural University (2010RCB53)

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The impact of light quality and quantity on root-to-shoot ratio and root carbon reserves in aspen seedling stock

Published Date
July 2015, Volume 46, Issue 4, pp 527–545

Title 

The impact of light quality and quantity on root-to-shoot ratio and root carbon reserves in aspen seedling stock

• Author 

• J. W. G. Kelly, 
• S. M. Landhäusser, 
• P. S. Chow

Article

First Online: 

04 March 2015

DOI: 10.1007/s11056-015-9473-9

Cite this article as: 

Kelly, J.W.G., Landhäusser, S.M. & Chow, P.S. New Forests (2015) 46: 527. doi:10.1007/s11056-015-9473-9

Abstract

The available evidence suggests that for trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides) seedlings, a high root-to-shoot ratio (R:S) and high root total non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) concentration are the best predictors of future growth and outplanting success in harsh reclamation environments. To facilitate more consistent production of aspen seedlings with these characteristics requires the identification of the environmental conditions most responsible for directing resources to growth or to reserve storage. During nursery production, aspen seedlings are often sheltered from environmental stressors in greenhouses and exposed to variation in light quality and quantity, compared to outside conditions; the common result is that greenhouse grown seedlings exhibit greater allocation to shoot growth rather than to root structures and reserves. It is currently unclear whether this imbalance in R:S is the result of stronger environmental controls within a greenhouse on factors such as relative humidity, wind and temperature or rather on differences in the quantity and quality of light. In this study, we sought to determine what influence differences in both light quality and quantity, along with sheltering, has on the development of desired characteristics in aspen seedlings. To do so, we grew aspen seedlings in the field under one of six light treatments [unsheltered, full-sun (100 % full-sun); sheltered, full-sun (~90 %): sheltered, shaded (~40 %): sheltered, shaded blue (~40 %); sheltered, shaded red (~40 %); and sheltered, shaded low red/far-red ratio (~40 %)] to identify the combination of sheltering, light quality and quantity with the greatest influence on R:S and root NSC. The largest increase in desired characteristics was a peak in R:S and in root NSC for seedlings grown under unsheltered, full-sun conditions. These results suggest that growing seedlings outside, with pre-exposure to more stressful conditions prior to bud hardening, is the driver for the desired characteristics in species with indeterminate growth strategies such as aspen seedling stock.

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