Author
Esa Alakoski, Miia Jämsén, David Agar, Elina Tampio and Margareta Wihersaari
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2016, vol. 54, issue C, pages 376-383
Abstract: The compounds in stored woody biomass degrade as a result of chemical and/or biological processes during storage. These processes produce gaseous emissions. Recent studies concerning gaseous emissions from wood pellet storages are reviewed herein. The applicability of the results from pellet research to wood chips is discussed. Thorough scientific understanding on the storage phenomena of wood chips is extremely important as the threat of climate change and the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions have led to an increased need to large scale wood chip storage to ensure supply. Typically the gases produced from stored woody biomasses are carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and other volatile hydrocarbons e.g. aldehydes and terpenes. CO2 and CH4 are greenhouse gases with high global warming potential. Chemical degradation via auto-oxidation of fats and fatty-acids seems to be the dominant mechanism for off-gassing from stored wood pellets, whereas biological processes are mainly responsible for the gaseous emission from wood chips. In confined storage spaces gaseous emissions may lead to oxygen depletion. Oxygen depletion together with a high CO concentration poses a serious health risk for those working in such conditions. The degradation processes also result in dry matter losses and in spontaneous heating and in the worst case, especially in large piles, spontaneous ignition of the stored material. Thorough and systematic scientific studies on degradation processes and their effects are needed in order to understand and minimise risks from large scale wood chips storage to human health, environment and property.
Keywords: Emissions; Degradation; Risks; Biomass storage; Wood pellets; Wood chips (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2016
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations View citations in EconPapers (1) Track citations by RSS feed
Downloads: (external link)
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032115011004
Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.
Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text
Persistent link: http://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:rensus:v:54:y:2016:i:c:p:376-383
Ordering information: This journal article can be ordered from
http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/600126/bibliographic
http://www.elsevier. ... 600126/bibliographic
Access Statistics for this article
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews is currently edited by L. Kazmerski
More articles in Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews from Elsevier
Series data maintained by Dana Niculescu (repec@elsevier.com).
For further details log on website :
http://econpapers.repec.org/article/eeerensus/v_3a54_3ay_3a2016_3ai_3ac_3ap_3a376-383.htm
Esa Alakoski, Miia Jämsén, David Agar, Elina Tampio and Margareta Wihersaari
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2016, vol. 54, issue C, pages 376-383
Abstract: The compounds in stored woody biomass degrade as a result of chemical and/or biological processes during storage. These processes produce gaseous emissions. Recent studies concerning gaseous emissions from wood pellet storages are reviewed herein. The applicability of the results from pellet research to wood chips is discussed. Thorough scientific understanding on the storage phenomena of wood chips is extremely important as the threat of climate change and the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions have led to an increased need to large scale wood chip storage to ensure supply. Typically the gases produced from stored woody biomasses are carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and other volatile hydrocarbons e.g. aldehydes and terpenes. CO2 and CH4 are greenhouse gases with high global warming potential. Chemical degradation via auto-oxidation of fats and fatty-acids seems to be the dominant mechanism for off-gassing from stored wood pellets, whereas biological processes are mainly responsible for the gaseous emission from wood chips. In confined storage spaces gaseous emissions may lead to oxygen depletion. Oxygen depletion together with a high CO concentration poses a serious health risk for those working in such conditions. The degradation processes also result in dry matter losses and in spontaneous heating and in the worst case, especially in large piles, spontaneous ignition of the stored material. Thorough and systematic scientific studies on degradation processes and their effects are needed in order to understand and minimise risks from large scale wood chips storage to human health, environment and property.
Keywords: Emissions; Degradation; Risks; Biomass storage; Wood pellets; Wood chips (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2016
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations View citations in EconPapers (1) Track citations by RSS feed
Downloads: (external link)
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032115011004
Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.
Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text
Persistent link: http://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:rensus:v:54:y:2016:i:c:p:376-383
Ordering information: This journal article can be ordered from
http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/600126/bibliographic
http://www.elsevier. ... 600126/bibliographic
Access Statistics for this article
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews is currently edited by L. Kazmerski
More articles in Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews from Elsevier
Series data maintained by Dana Niculescu (repec@elsevier.com).
For further details log on website :
http://econpapers.repec.org/article/eeerensus/v_3a54_3ay_3a2016_3ai_3ac_3ap_3a376-383.htm
No comments:
Post a Comment