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Sunday 12 June 2016

Heavy metals in freshwater snails of Kuala Klawang's rice field, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia

Published Date
Volume 32, Issue 3, pp 187-191
First online: 

Heavy metals in freshwater snails of Kuala Klawang's rice field, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia

  • Author 
  • A. Ismail

Abstract

A study of heavy metal contents in freshwater snails from rice fields have been made. The results indicate that the levels of heavy metals, Pb, Cu, Zn and Cd, are low and within the permissible limit of Malaysian Food Regulations. The results can serve as background data for further reference.

References 

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  2. Elder, J.F. and Collins, J.J.: 1991, ‘Freshwater Molluscs as Indicators of Bioavailability and Toxicity of Metals in Surface Water Systems’, Environmental Contamination and Toxicol. 122, 37–79.
  3. Munzinger, A. and Guarducci, M.L.: 1988, ‘The Effect of Low Zinc Concentrations on some Demographic Parameters of Biomphalaria glabrata Say (Mollusca: Gastropoda)’, Aquatic Toxicology 12, 51–62.
  4. Nather Khan, I.S.A.: 1990, ‘The Mineralogy and Trace Element Constituents of Suspended Stream Sediments of the Linggi River Basin, Malaysia’, Journal of Southeast Asian Earth Sciences 4 (2), 133–139.
  5. Nelson, B.W. and Nather Khan, I.S.A.: 1985, ‘Trace Metals Sources in Two Malaysian Estuaries’, Geol. Soc. America (GSA), Boulder, Colorado, U.S.A.
  6. Palmieri, M.D., Palmieri, J.R., and Sullivan, J.T.: 1978, ‘The Natural Diet of Three Malaysian Freshwater Pulmonate Snails’, The Malayan Nature J. 31 (3), 173–180.
  7. Palmieri, M.D., Palmieri, J.R., and Sullivan, J.T.: 1980, ‘A Chemical Analysis of the Habitat of Nine Commonly Occurring Malaysian Freshwater Snails’, The Malayan Nature J. 34 (1), 39–45.
  8. Ramlan, M.N., Ismail, A., Ahmad, I., and Badri, M.A.: 1992, ‘The Background Levels of Heavy Metals in Sediments and Fishes from the National Park, Malaysia’, Proc. of 1st. Symposium Natural Resources, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.
  9. Tweedie, M.W.F.: 1974, ‘The Mollusca of the Malayan Limestone Hills’, The Malayan Nature J. 2, 33–37.
  10. Watton, A.J. and Hawkes, H.A.: 1984, ‘The Acute Toxicity of Ammonia and Copper to the Gastropod Potamopyrgus Jenkinsi’, Environmental Pollut. 36, 17–30.

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