Development of cotton lap/cellulose pad substitute from jute

Published Date

December 2014, Volume 18, Issue 3, pp 397-402

First online: 13 December 2014

Title 

Development of cotton lap/cellulose pad substitute from jute

• Author 

• Manisha Sharma 
• , B. Adhikari
• , Koel Choudhury

• 
  

Abstract

Global market demand for hygiene absorbent products are increasing. Jute may be a better replacement of cotton fibres to manufacture cellulose laps used in disposable absorption products. Cellulose pads were developed using jute fibre and waste jute blended with Superabsorbent polymer(SAP). The waste jute was treated to increase its water absorbency. SAP was blended with treated jute and packed into disposable pads. Various water absorbency tests, MTT Assay, Soil burial test, Microbial evaluation tests were conducted which confirmed that Jute when blended with SAP can be used in making cellulose pads at a cheaper rates highly beneficial to the rural population.

Keywords

Jute fibre Super absorbent polymer Cellulose pads

References

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Sulfonated polysulfone/TiO2 nanocomposite membranes for fuel cell application

Published Date

June 2011, Volume 15, Issue 1, pp 1-20

First online: 03 November 2011

Title 

Sulfonated polysulfone/TiO2nanocomposite membranes for fuel cell application

• Author 

• Lakshmi Unnikrishnan
• , Smita Mohanty
• , Sanjay K. Nayak 
• , Nijith P. Jayan

Abstract

In the present study, sulfonated polysulfone (SPSU)/titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanocomposite membranes for use in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) were synthesised and its utility as proton exchange membrane has been investigated. Polysulfone (PSU) was sulfonated with chlorosulfonic acid in 1,2 dichloroethane at ambient temperatures. The degree of sulfonation was determined by titration and 1H NMR was performed to verify the sulfonation reaction. FTIR spectra also showed the evidence of –SO3H absorption peak at ~1,027 cm−1. Sulfonation levels from 25 to 70% were easily achieved by varying reaction time. Nanocomposite membranes were prepared by blending TiO2 with SPSU solution in NMP employing solution casting technique. The membranes were characterized for thermal stability, water uptake, and proton conductivity measurements. The morphological characterisation of the membranes were carried out using SEM. X-ray diffraction measurements were also carried out to evaluate the interaction of TiO2 with SPSU. Conductivity values in the range of 10−4 S/cm were obtained for nanocomposite membranes.

Keywords

Membranes Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) FTIR Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) Nanocomposites WAXS

References

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Morphology and thermo mechanical properties of pp/ps nanocomposites

Published Date

June 2014, Volume 18, Issue 1, pp 125-134

First online: 21 May 2014

Title 

Morphology and thermo mechanical properties of pp/ps nanocomposites

Author 

• Rodrigo P. da Silva 
• , César P. Neto

Abstract

The immiscible polypropylene (PP)/polystyrene (PS) blends and theirs organoclay 10A (Cloisite10A) nanocomposites with different contents were prepared via melt blending into a co-rotating twin screw extruder and the test samples were molded by injection molding. The 10A is an anisotropic layered silicate and the effect PP/PS ratio, 10A different content on melt and crystallization enthalpy were determined by DSC. The T g , storage modulus (E’), and tanδ measurements were obtained by DMA. The domains reduction of PS in the PP with addition 10A was investigated by Scanning Electronic Microscope (SEM). There is a decrease in PS particles size in PP/PS blends containing 10A. The crystallinity degree of PP seems to reduction with the addition of PS phase and 10A. The E’ of the PP/PS 90/10/0 blends showed slightly changes between Neat PP and PP/PS/10A nonetheless the nanocomposites 3 and 5 %wt had a small rise in the storage modulus between −50 and 0 °C.

Keywords

Polypropylene Polystyrene Organoclay Blends

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