Published Date January 2016, Vol.53:1468–1485,doi:10.1016/j.rser.2015.09.051 Title Potential applications of rice husk ash waste from rice husk biomass power plant
Author
Ramchandra Pode,
Kyung Hee University, Department of Physics, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
Received 17 August 2014. Revised 29 June 2015. Accepted 18 September 2015. Available online 10 November 2015.
Abstract
Rice husk (RH), an agricultural waste, is abundantly available in rice producing countries like China, India, Bangladesh, Brazil, US, Cambodia, Vietnam, Myanmar, and South East Asia. Despite the massive amount of annual production worldwide, so far RHs have been recycled only for low-value applications. In recent years, many rice mills in rice producing countries have started using RH for the energy production for mill operations as well as household lighting in rural regions. Burning of RHs produces the rice husk ash (RHA). The disposal in landfills or open fields can be problematic and may cause a serious environmental and human health related problems due to the low bulk density of RHA.
Several ways are being thought of for disposing RHA by making its commercial use. The amorphous silica forms the main component (83–90%) of RHA. The amorphous silica rich RHA has wide range of applications. High-value applications and current research investigations such as the use of RHA in manufacturing of silica gels, silicon chip, synthesis of activated carbon and silica, production of light weight construction materials and insulation, catalysts, zeolites, ingredients for lithium ion batteries, graphene, energy storage/capacitor, carbon capture, and in drug delivery vehicles are presented. Use of RHA in potential future applications is also discussed. It is suggested that the amorphous silica rich RHA could become a potential resource of low cost precursor for the production of value-added silica based materials for practical applications.
Influence of process parameters on obtention of silica from rice husk ash by action of Fusarium oxysporum | Influência de parâmetros de processo na obtenção de sílica a partir de cinza da casca de arroz pela ação de Fusarium oxysporum
Published Date
2014 Quimica Nova
Author
Pineda-Vásquez T.G., Born E Silva M.T., Soares C.H.L., Hotza D
Published Date 1993, Vol.12(2):107–112,doi:10.1016/0142-9418(93)90033-L Title Density measurement of rice husk ash filler particles in polypropylene composites
Author
M.Y. Ahmad Fuad
I. Yaakob
Plastics Technology Centre, Standards and Industrial Research Institute of Malaysia (SIRIM), 40911 Shah Alam, Malaysia
Z.A. Mohd Ishak
A.K. Mohd Omar
School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
Received 27 June 1992. Accepted 28 July 1992. Available online 25 April 2003.
Abstract
A simple and accurate method for determination of filler material density is described. Rice husk ash (RHA) which consists predominantly of silica serves as a filler in polypropylene. The filler density was determined from first principles using a pyknometer. The filler was compounded in polypropylene and the densities of the composites were measured using an electronic densimeter. The measured composite densities agree very closely with theoretical values calculated based on the measured density of the filler material.
Published Date 11 August 2008, Vol.87(2):147–155,doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2008.05.008 Title Changes in agricultural landscape pattern and its spatial relationship with forestland in the State of Selangor, peninsular Malaysia
Author
Saiful Arif Abdullah a,b,,
Nobukazu Nakagoshi a
aGraduate School for International Development and Cooperation, Hiroshima University, 1-5-1 Kagamiyama Higashi, Hiroshima City 739-8529 Japan
bInstitute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Received 9 April 2007. Revised 3 February 2008. Accepted 14 May 2008. Available online 26 June 2008.
Abstract
In Malaysia, the development of two major agricultural crops, i.e. oil palm and rubber, is one of the primary causes of forest loss. However, understanding of this relationship has not been quantified, which is vital to improve the planning and management of the agricultural land uses. To understand the relationship, this study addresses their dynamic change, patchiness and spatial relationship with forestland in the State of Selangor, Malaysia as a case study. Data development and analysis were based on three land-use maps of 1966, 1981 and 1995 where forest and, wetland forest and marshland land use categories were referred to as forestland. Two defined natural landscapes; forest and wetland landscapes were used as a basic unit of analysis to determine the patchiness of the agricultural lands at the expense of large tract of forestland. During the periods studied, oil palm area increased whereas rubber area reduced. The development of oil palm had caused loss much of forestland, particularly wetland forest and marshland. Its expansion at the expense of large tract of wetland forest and marshland earnestly occurred between 1966 and 1981 but slowed down between 1981 and 1995. By using the landscape type approach this study recommended a way to determine the patchiness of the agricultural lands at the expense of large tract of forestland. With these findings, we conclude that it is important to understanding the relationship quantitatively in order to describe the implications for land development of the agricultural crops.
Corresponding author at: Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. Tel.: +60 3 89214151; fax: +60 3 89255104.
Published Date 2010, Vol.1:33–41,doi:10.1016/j.aaspro.2010.09.005
International Conference on Agricultural Risk and Food Security 2010
Open Access, Creative Commons license
International Conference on Agricultural Risk and Food Security 2010
Title
Developing rice farm insurance in Indonesia
Author
Sahat M. Pasaribu,
Indonesian Center for Agriculture, Social, Economic and Policy Study, Jalan A. Yani 70, Bogor 16161, Indonesia
Available online 11 October 2010.
Abstract
The agricultural development policy of Indonesian government has been to achieve self-sufficiency in rice. However, rice production growth is critical to increase availability, accessibility, and affordability following the impact of global climate change. The farmers have continued to face rice production risk and harvesting failure. Insurance is introduced in favor of farmers to protect rice farm from great loss caused by flood, drought and pest and diseaseinfestations. A pilot program is formulated to obtain knowledge about insurance application. Rice farm insurance scheme would successfully work with three-way coordination active roles of the government, the farmers and the insurance company.
FAO-RAP (Food and Agriculture Organization-Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific), Selected Indicators of Food and Agricultural Development in the Asia-Pacific Region 1996-2006, RAP Publication No. 2007/15, Bangkok, 2007.
P. U. Hadi, C. Saleh, A. S. Bagyo, R. Hendayana, Y. Marisa, and I. Sadikin (2000), “Studi Kebutuhan Asuransi Pertanian Pada Pertanian Rakyat” (Study on Agricultural Insurance Requirements for Smallholder Farms)”, Research Report, Indonesian Center for Agricultural Socio-economic Research, Bogor.
Directorate General of Crop Protection, Estimated Data on Area Affected by Flood, Drought and Pest and Disease Infestation, Ministry of Agriculture, Jakarta,.(various data sheets, 2000–2008).
S. S. Raju and R. Chand (2008), “Agricultural Insurance in India: Problems and Prospects”, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, NCAP Working Paper No. 8.
