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Tuesday, 4 April 2017

Counterfactual approach for assessing agri-environmental policy: The case of the Finnish water protection policy

Author
Jussi Lankoski (jussi.lankoski@oecd.org) and Markku Ollikainen

Abstract: This paper applies counterfactual approach to assess the impacts of agri-environmental programs. We focus on ex-post policy evaluation in a case where the control group is de facto non-existent and treatment group covers the whole population. We employ a theoretical framework based on profit maximization and the interlinkages between the behavior of agents and the response of environmental systems to the economic decisions. Optimization in the absence of policies produces the control case, while optimization under the policies fits to the treatment case. We apply our model to assess the performance of the Finnish Agri-Environmental Programme to reduce agricultural nutrient runoff to the Baltic Sea. We demonstrate that the Finnish Agri-Environmental Programme does not achieve its goals, because it fails to anticipate farmers’ responses to incentives created by the Common Agricultural Policy and the Agri-Environmental Programme itself. The social cost-benefit analysis of the Programme shows negative net benefits.
Keywords: Environmental policy evaluation; Counterfactual analysis; Nutrient runoff; the Baltic Sea (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q18 Q28 Q58 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2013
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Review of Agricultural and Environmental Studies - Revue d'Etudes en Agriculture et Environnement is currently edited by Julien Salanié
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http://econpapers.repec.org/article/raejourae/v_3a94_3ay_3a2013_3ai_3a2_3ap_3a165-193.htm
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Grippe aviaire dans la filière. La réorganisation du secteur agro-industriel au Vietnam

Author
Muriel Figuie, Anh Tuan Pham and Paule Moustier
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Abstract: [paper in French]The crisis of avian influenza occurred in Vietnam in late 2003 has affected the organization;of the local poultry value chain. This crisis has resulted in an alliance between the Vietnamese government;and agro-industrial sector considered more capable than the traditional one, to meet the requirements of;“biosecurity”. In the short term, this alliance has allowed agro-industrial groups to develop and to take;the control of a growing number of activities in the avian chain through a process of vertical integration;(animal raising slaughtering, retailing) and, to a lesser extent, through contracting with farmers. This;movement was slowed down once the crisis abated, since consumers turned back to traditional products,;eliminating thus the less competitive groups. Thus, in the medium term, instead of benefiting the industrial;sector at the expense of the traditional one, as one could expect, this crisis allowed a small number of;agro-industrial groups, and especially international groups (we discuss in more detail the Asian group;Charoen Pokphand) to establish their position in a market certainly promising, in the long term, despite;its many hazards.
Keywords: contrat; grippe aviaire; intégration verticale; secteur avicole; Vietnam(search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: D2 L1 O53 Q13 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2013
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http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/bitstream/196605/2/94-4-397-419.pdf (application/pdf)
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Journal Article: Grippe aviaire dans la filière. La réorganisation du secteur agro-industriel au Vietnam (2013) Downloads
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Là où le célibat blesse. L’estimation du célibat en milieu agricole

Author
Christophe Giraud
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Abstract: [paper in French]This paper aims to understand the disparity of the estimations of farmer’s celibacy through many French scientific publications. This inquiry has been focused on the statistical and sociological construction of celibacy and agriculture. The differences in the definition of farmer’s population, statistical unit, reference person, or celibacy’s indicators are studied in various statistical surveys. Finally this paper suggests an estimation of farmer’s celibacy and a comparison with other professions.
Keywords: célibat; agriculture; estimation; méthode quantitative (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C00 J12 Q12 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2013
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http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/bitstream/196604/2/94-4-367-396.pdf (application/pdf)
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Compte rendu d'ouvrage - Ruf François, Schroth Götz (eds.), Cultures tropicales: enjeux économiques et écologiques de la diversification

Author
Date: 2014
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Review of Agricultural and Environmental Studies - Revue d'Etudes en Agriculture et Environnement is currently edited by Julien Salanié
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http://econpapers.repec.org/article/raejourae/v_3a95_3ay_3a2014_3ai_3a1_3ap_3a145-148.htm
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Préférences individuelles et incitations collectives: quels contrats agroenvironnementaux pour la réduction des herbicides par les viticulteurs ?

Author

Abstract: [paper in French]The CAP reform is an opportunity to improve the design of existing agri-environmental schemes. Understanding the design attributes affecting farmers’ choices when they adopt an agri-environmental contract can help to identify ways of increasing their participation. The aim of this article is to measure with a choice experiment, the preferences of wine-growers for different types of contracts limiting the use of herbicides in the Languedoc-Roussillon region (France). We test the effect of introducing a collective dimension in the contracts. A monetary “bonus” would be paid to each engaged farmer, provided that the proportion of land collectively enrolled in the scheme reaches a predefined threshold. Despite a high heterogeneity among wine-growers, respondents show a preference for the contracts including this bonus and are more willing to provide environmental efforts when their neighbors also do so. Then, the presence of this bonus in the contracts terms could enhance farmers’ participation.
Keywords: agri-environmental contracts; water quality; agricultural diffused pollution; collective incentives; choice modeling (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q15 Q18 Q25 Q28 Q53 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2014
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Journal Article: Préférences individuelles et incitations collectives: quels contrats agroenvironnementaux pour la réduction des herbicides par les viticulteurs ? (2014) Downloads
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http://econpapers.repec.org/article/raejourae/v_3a95_3ay_3a2014_3ai_3a1_3ap_3a111-143.htm
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Influence of environmental policies on farmland prices in the Bretagne region of France

Author
Elodie Letort (elodie.letort@rennes.inra.fr) and Chalachew Temesgen 
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Abstract: The Bretagne region is an agricultural area located in the north-west of France. In addition to urban pressure, the competition for farmland is enhanced by strong environmental regulations and incentives. The objective of this paper is to study the determinants of farmland prices and especially the effects of environmental regulations to explain the spatial disparities of prices observed in Bretagne. Several environmental regulations policies have been implemented in the Bretagne region, which resulted in a complex zoning system with specific measures. To take into account this local characteristic, we use the hedonic pricing model and focus our attention on the potential spatial dependencies between farmland prices. For empirical application, we use a dataset of individual transactions in Bretagne from 2007 to 2010. The estimation results show an increase or a decrease in farmland prices in environmentally sensitive areas depending on the types of regulations applied in these areas.
Keywords: environmental policies; hedonic price function; spatial econometric model; land market; price determinants (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q51 Q11 C21 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2014
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Working Paper: Influence of environmental policies on farmland prices in the Bretagne region of France (2013) Downloads
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Review of Agricultural and Environmental Studies - Revue d'Etudes en Agriculture et Environnement is currently edited by Julien Salanié
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An analysis of the intention-realisation discrepancy in EU farmers’ land investment decisions

Author
Abstract: The article analyses the discrepancy between farmers’ investment intentions and the observed realisations. We focus on intentions to investment in land on the part of 171 farmers in 6 EU case study areas (collected in 2006) and their realised investments between 2006 and 2009. While the farmers who had no intention to invest mostly follow their plans, only 36% of those who intended to invest in 2006 have done so by 2009. We set up a recursive bivariate probit model in which intention is an endogeneous regressor of the realisation. We show that stated intentions are a reasonably good predictor of realised actions, and highlight drivers of the discrepancy between intentions and realisations, such as pessimistic expectations regarding the future of both agricultural markets and the farm when no successor is known. Some recommendations on the use of stated intention surveys to study the farming sector are provided.
Keywords: stated intentions; survey; agriculture; investment; land; recursive bivariate probit (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q12 Q15 C83 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2014
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Crop Insurance and pesticide use in French agriculture: an empirical analysis

Author

Abstract: This paper investigates the factors affecting the demand for crop–hail insurance and explores the potential relation with pesticide use for a sample of French farmers on the period 1993-2004, for the Meuse department. An econometric model involving two simultaneous equations with mixed censored/continuous dependent variables is estimated. Estimation results show that, in the case of rapeseed, insurance demand is significantly and positively related to pesticide use, but that the magnitude of this interaction is quite small. Insurance demand is positively influenced by the coefficient of variation of yield and the loss ratio, and is negatively influenced by Common Agricultural Policy subsidies and diversification of activity at farm level. These results shed light on the determinants of French farmers’ decisions related to risk management.
Keywords: crop insurance; pesticide demand; risk management; France (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q15 Q24 Q22 Q33 C34 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2014
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Adoption and adaptation in developing country agriculture

Author

Abstract: This paper reviews some of the challenges related to understanding constraints to agricultural productivity improvements in developing countries. It takes a micro-level approach to shed light on the complexity of farmers’ adoption of new technologies and practices and of climate change adaptation decisions. The main arguments are illustrated using an example from the evaluation of a randomized pilot program in Nicaragua. The paper also highlights open questions for future research.
Keywords: agricultural technology adoption; climate change adaptation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O12 Q12 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2014
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Introduction: Farmer’s adaptation to environmental changes

Author
Sophie Drogué (sophie.drogue@inra.fr), Florence Jacquet and Julie Subervie(subervie@supagro.inra.fr)
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Abstract: This introduction summarizes some of the key research findings from the articles included in this special issue of The Review in Agriculture and Environment Studies. These articles were drawn from an INRA-funded workshop held in Montpellier in September 2012 entitled Adaptation Practices and Adoption of New Technologies. The workshop focused on current research in agricultural economics and farm management that extends beyond the study of productivity. Specifically, research in this area now also aims to provide a better understanding of farmers’ ability and willingness to respond to new environmental challenges. In particular, these challenges pertain to adaptation to the changing climatic context and recent developments in environmental policies. The selected articles address the issue of farmers’ adaptation to environmental changes in light of their individual preferences. In brief, their findings indicate that taking heterogeneity into account is indeed crucial when analysing or promoting new adaptation strategies.
Date: 2014
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Advantages and Disadvantages of Fasting for Runners

Author BY   ANDREA CESPEDES  Food is fuel, especially for serious runners who need a lot of energy. It may seem counterintuiti...