Published Date March 2014, Vol.3(1):37–47,doi:10.1016/j.jdmm.2013.12.009 Special Issue on Destination Branding Author
Anne Hoppen a
Lorraine Brown a,,
Alan Fyall b
aBournemouth University, United Kingdom
bUniversity of Central Florida, USA
Received 20 June 2013. Accepted 20 December 2013. Available online 7 February 2014.
Highlights
Literary tourism continues to offer considerable destination brand and marketing benefits to destinations in Europe, North America and beyond.
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Author and fiction-related literary tourism opportunities exist along with opportunities arising from literary festivals and book shops.
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The study advances the trends from niche to mass tourism and the move from cultural and heritage tourism to international literary themed development.
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A collaborative approach to future literary tourism development is recommended.
Abstract
This paper revisits the phenomenon of literary tourism and explores the means by which destinations can leverage benefit in the form of destination branding and marketing strategies. The paper commences with an overview of the typologies used to categorise the phenomenon and to outline the various forms it takes in the particular geographic context of the UK. The extent to which literary tourism is a sub-set of cultural and heritage tourism is then explored with the migration from niche to mass tourism opportunity an emerging trend. With regard to literary places, the study identifies author-related, fictional-related, book and festival related forms of literary tourism. Thereafter the study critiques further the migration from niche to mass tourism, the move from cultural and heritage tourism to international literary themed development, the collaborative development of literary destination products and experiences, opportunities for destination brand development and finally broader policy and wider local visitor management issues. The study concludes by advocating a collaborative approach to future literary tourism development with collaboration needing to be consistent with the desired target markets of each stakeholder, consistent with existing brands and perhaps most importantly, sustainable in the longer term.
Published Date April 2014, Vol.10:11–18,doi:10.1016/j.tmp.2013.12.001 Author
Gang Li a,b,,
Xinjun Yang a,
Qian Liu a,
Fang Zheng c,
aCollege of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, No.1#, XueFu Road, Chang'An District, Xi'an 710127, PR China
bInstitute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 10#, South FengHui Road, High-Tech District, Xi'an 710075, PR China
cSchool of Resources and Environment, Ningxia University, 489 West HeLanShan Road, XiXia District, Yinchuan 750021, PR China
Received 16 November 2013. Accepted 7 December 2013. Available online 9 January 2014.
Highlights
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We present a theoretical framework for tourism environmental impact assessment.
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Destination island effects are prevalent throughout most of the crowded destinations.
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A definite correlation exists between DIEs and the total volume of tourist flows.
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The tree-ring method is a viable measurement of tourism environmental impacts.
Abstract
This study aims to present a new theoretical and methodological framework for the continuous, precise, and quantitative reconstruction and evaluation of the environmental effects of human tourism activities. First, an original hypothesis, the destination island effects (DIEs) hypothesis, is proposed. The spatial and temporal characteristics of DIEs are determined according to their correlation with the actual arriving tourist flow. Furthermore, based on tree-ring analysis, we proposed a framework that includes instrumental techniques and key indicators for the environmental impact assessment of human tourism activities. Finally, we presented theoretical, methodological and empirical research directions for future studies. Our study offers an original hypothesis of DIEs for assessing the environmental effects of tourism, which is expected to be one of topics of significant interest in the future.
Keywords
Destination island effects
Hypothesis
Tourism environmental effect assessment
Tree-ring analysis
Method
China
Fig. 1.Fig. 2.Fig. 3.Fig. 4.Fig. 5.
Table 1
Table 1.Fig. 6.
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Table 2.
Table 3
Table 3.
Vitae
Gang Li, PhD, is a lecturer of College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, China and a postdoc of Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences in Xi'an, China. Dr. Li's research interests: historical climate change; environmental policy; tourism geography.
Xinjun Yang, PhD, is a professor of the College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, China. Dr. Yang's research addresses questions and concerns related to tourism social–ecological systems.
Qian Liu is a master student of the College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, China. Qian Liu's research interests focus on environmental change and disaster response.
Fang Zheng, PhD, is a lecturer of the School of Resources and Environment, Ningxia University, China. Dr. Zheng's research interest includes eco-tourism and tourism planning.
aThe Finnish Forest Research Institute, P.O. Box 16, FI-96301 Rovaniemi, Finland
bMTT Agrifood Research Finland, Plant Production Research, Eteläranta 55, FI-96300 Rovaniemi, Finland
cThe Finnish Forest Research Institute, Finland
dAalto University, Department of Architecture, Finland
Received 19 December 2012. Revised 29 September 2013. Accepted 7 October 2013. Available online 14 November 2013.
Highlights
Building density and pattern effect the perceived quality of a nature-tourism destination.
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Experiencing nature as part of the accommodation is highly appreciated by tourists.
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Use of sustainable tourism practices needs to be supported by easy choices and well-designed services.
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The importance of landscape quality calls for an improvement in landscaping practices in tourism destinations.
Abstract
The recent tourism development plans for nature-based tourism destinations have raised concerns about how sustainable land use targets can be achieved. In Lapland, Northern Finland, the aim is to double the annual visitor rates by 2020 by boosting construction, which may threaten the quality of the landscape and the perceived environment. The tourism destinations should meet clients’ environmental expectations and, therefore, it is important to assess the acceptability and desirability of ongoing or anticipated land use changes.
This research aimed at studying tourists’ environmental and accommodation preferences in northern Lapland tourism destinations. Altogether, 1054 foreign and domestic tourists participated in the on-site survey carried out during 2009–2010 at two main tourism destinations in Finnish Lapland. The respondents were asked about their willingness to engage in sustainable tourism practices, as well as their evaluation of different land use development options in the tourism destinations.
The results suggest that building density and patterns are important in defining the quality of the environment in tourism destinations, as they affect the nature experiences associated with accommodation. The tourists valued small-scale accommodation units, habitat protection, green infrastructure, and easy access to authentic nature in the environs of their accommodation site. The study results stress the need for careful planning and design in tourism destinations while aiming for eco-efficient land use. The efforts include conservation of natural forest vegetation and landscaping practices, in addition to ensuring views of nature from the accommodation.
