Determination of the Ecological and Geographic Distributions of Armillaria Species in Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystems

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• Bruhn, Johann N.
• Wetteroff, James J. Jr.
• Mihail, Jeanne D.
• Burks, Susan.

Year Published

1997

Publication

In: Brookshire, Brian L. Shifley, Stephen R., eds. Proceedings of the Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystem Project Symposium: an experimental approach to landscape research; 1997 June 3-5; St. Louis, MO. General Technical Report NC-193. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station: 257-273.

Abstract

Armillaria root rot contributes to oak decline in the Ozarks. Three Armillaria species were detected in Ecological Landtypes (ELT's) representing south- to west-facing side slopes (ELT 17), north- to east-facing side slopes (ELT 18), and ridge tops (ELT 11). Armillaria mellea was detected in 91 percent of 180 study plots; was detected with equal frequency in all three ELT's; and was ubiquitous in block 3. Armillaria gallica was detected in 64 percent of the study plots; was detected least frequently in block 3; and was detected least frequently on ELT 17 in block 3. The distribution of A. tabescens remains incompletely resolved; it is the least abundant species and the most difficult to survey. Armillaria mellea was much more frequently associated with oak mortality than were A. gallica or A. tabescens, based on isolations from dying or recently killed trees. If these three species compete for substrate, oak decline levels may be influenced by landscape patterns of Armillaria species co-occurrence. We hypothesize that oak decline will be most severe in block 3, and especially on ELT 17, where A. mellea most often occurs in the absence of A. gallica.

Citation

Bruhn, Johann N.; Wetteroff, James J., Jr.; Mihail, Jeanne D.; Burks, Susan. 1997. Determination of the Ecological and Geographic Distributions of Armillaria Species in Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystems. In: Brookshire, Brian L. Shifley, Stephen R., eds. Proceedings of the Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystem Project Symposium: an experimental approach to landscape research; 1997 June 3-5; St. Louis, MO. General Technical Report NC-193. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station: 257-273.

Last updated on: February 10, 2017

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Effects of Selected Timber Management Practices on Forest Birds in Missouri Oak-Hickory Forests: Pre-treatment Results

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• Clawson, Rich L.
• Faaborg, John
• Seon, Elena.

Year Published

1997

Publication

In: Brookshire, Brian L. Shifley, Stephen R., eds. Proceedings of the Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystem Project Symposium: an experimental approach to landscape research; 1997 June 3-5; St. Louis, MO. General Technical Report NC-193. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station: 274-288.

Abstract

Our goal is to understand the repercussions of two different forest management techniques on Neotropical migrant birds in the heavily forested landscape of the Missouri Ozarks. Our objectives are to determine breeding densities of forest birds under even-aged and uneven-aged management regimes and to determine the effects of these practices on songbird demographics. Our methods included spot mapping, nest monitoring, and mist-netting and banding. Analyses of our pre-treatment data show some variation both spatially and temporally, but do suggest that we have adequate baseline data for future comparisons. The data will allow us to see the immediate avian response to cutting, although decades and subsequent cutting cycles will be needed to evaluate the complete response. They also will allow us to examine avian population demographics on a scale that is unsurpassed for migrant songbirds.

Citation

Clawson, Rich L.; Faaborg, John; Seon, Elena. 1997. Effects of Selected Timber Management Practices on Forest Birds in Missouri Oak-Hickory Forests: Pre-treatment Results. In: Brookshire, Brian L. Shifley, Stephen R., eds. Proceedings of the Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystem Project Symposium: an experimental approach to landscape research; 1997 June 3-5; St. Louis, MO. General Technical Report NC-193. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station: 274-288.

Last updated on: February 10, 2017

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Pre-treatment Conditions of Herpetofaunal Communities on Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystem Project (MOFEP) Sites, 1992-1995

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• Renken, Rochelle B.

Year Published

1997

Publication

In: Brookshire, Brian L. Shifley, Stephen R., eds. Proceedings of the Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystem Project Symposium: an experimental approach to landscape research; 1997 June 3-5; St. Louis, MO. General Technical Report NC-193. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station: 289-308.

Abstract

I examined the species composition, species richness, and relative abundance of herpetofaunal communities on southwest-facing and northeast-facing slopes on the MOFEP sites. For the landscape-scale investigations, herpetofaunal communities on southwest- facing slopes were relatively similar, averaged 23.4 species/site, and had relative abundance estimates ranging from 14.4 to 38.2 captures/100 trap days. Communities on northeast-facing slopes were also relatively similar, averaged 23.2 species/site, and had relative abundance estimates ranging from 14.7 to 41.1 captures/100 trap days. For the small-scale investigations, herpetofaunal community similarity indices ranged from 0.56 to 0. 77 and relative abundance estimates ranged from 15.9 to 29.7 captures/100 trap days.

Citation

Renken, Rochelle B. 1997. Pre-treatment Conditions of Herpetofaunal Communities on Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystem Project (MOFEP) Sites, 1992-1995. In: Brookshire, Brian L. Shifley, Stephen R., eds. Proceedings of the Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystem Project Symposium: an experimental approach to landscape research; 1997 June 3-5; St. Louis, MO. General Technical Report NC-193. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station: 289-308.

Last updated on: February 10, 2017

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Pre-harvest (1994-1995) Conditions of the Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystem Project Small Mammal Communities

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• Fantz, Debby K.
• Renken, Rochelle B.

Year Published

1997

Publication

In: Brookshire, Brian L. Shifley, Stephen R., eds. Proceedings of the Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystem Project Symposium: an experimental approach to landscape research; 1997 June 3-5; St. Louis, MO. General Technical Report NC-193. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station: 309-317.

Abstract

We conducted a capture-recapture study on northeast-facing slopes to determine the pre-treatment landscape-scale effect of even- and uneven-aged silvicultural treatments upon the species composition, species richness, and relative abundance of small mammals on Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystem Project (MOFEP) sites. Similarity indices of species composition between sites ranged from 0.29 to 1.00, with an overall mean index of 0.64. Species richness estimates ranged from two to six species per site per year. Overall small mammal relative abundance estimates ranged from 0.93 (s.e. = 0.35) to 6.54 (s.e. = 0.06) individuals per 100 trap nights per site. Year, treatment, block, and their interactions did not affect species richness or relative abundance estimates.

Citation

Fantz, Debby K.; Renken, Rochelle B. 1997. Pre-harvest (1994-1995) Conditions of the Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystem Project Small Mammal Communities. In: Brookshire, Brian L. Shifley, Stephen R., eds. Proceedings of the Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystem Project Symposium: an experimental approach to landscape research; 1997 June 3-5; St. Louis, MO. General Technical Report NC-193. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station: 309-317.

Last updated on: February 10, 2017

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The Distribution and Abundance of Leaf Litter Arthropods in MOFEP Sites 1, 2, and 3

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• Weaver, Jan
• Heyman, Sarah.

Year Published

1997

Publication

In: Brookshire, Brian L. Shifley, Stephen R., eds. Proceedings of the Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystem Project Symposium: an experimental approach to landscape research; 1997 June 3-5; St. Louis, MO. General Technical Report NC-193. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station: 318-331.

Abstract

In June 1993, we collected 144 leaf litter samples from 36 plots (4 samples/plot) located in MOFEP forest sites 1, 2 and 3. Half of the plots were placed randomly on northeast-facing stands (ELT 18), and half randomly placed on southwest-facing stands (ELT 17). Arthropods were extracted using Tullgren funnels, and then sorted into morpho-species, counted, and measured. Out of 126 usable samples, we found 22 orders of arthropods, 547 morpho-species, 40,000 individuals, and 30 g of arthropod biomass. ANOVA showed richness, numbers, and mass were higher on northeast- than on southwest-facing plots, but diversity was lower. Diversity, and to a lesser extent, numbers and richness, were lower in site 1.

Citation

Weaver, Jan; Heyman, Sarah. 1997. The Distribution and Abundance of Leaf Litter Arthropods in MOFEP Sites 1, 2, and 3. In: Brookshire, Brian L. Shifley, Stephen R., eds. Proceedings of the Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystem Project Symposium: an experimental approach to landscape research; 1997 June 3-5; St. Louis, MO. General Technical Report NC-193. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station: 318-331.

Last updated on: February 10, 2017

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Estimating Pre-treatment Variation in the Oak Leaf-chewing Insect Fauna of the Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystem Project (MOFEP)

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• Marquis, Robert J.
• Le Corff, Josiane.

Year Published

1997

Publication

In: Brookshire, Brian L. Shifley, Stephen R., eds. Proceedings of the Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystem Project Symposium: an experimental approach to landscape research; 1997 June 3-5; St. Louis, MO. General Technical Report NC-193. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station: 332-346.

Abstract

We describe spatial and temporal variation in the insect herbivore communities associated with the MOFEP, prior to application of contrasting cutting regimes. No pre-treatment differences were found in total insect density on either black (Quercus velutina) or white oak (Q. alba) during 1993-1995. There was great seasonal variation in insect abundance on both host species as well as high variation across years for white oak. White oak on north- and eastfacing slopes tended to have more insects than white oak on southand west-facing slopes. Sites under the auspices of the Missouri Department of Conservation for a longer time had higher insect densities than more recently acquired sites.

Citation

Marquis, Robert J.; Le Corff, Josiane. 1997. Estimating Pre-treatment Variation in the Oak Leaf-chewing Insect Fauna of the Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystem Project (MOFEP). In: Brookshire, Brian L. Shifley, Stephen R., eds. Proceedings of the Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystem Project Symposium: an experimental approach to landscape research; 1997 June 3-5; St. Louis, MO. General Technical Report NC-193. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station: 332-346.

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Simulated Long-term Effects of the MOFEP Cutting Treatments

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• Larsen, David R.

Year Published

1997

Publication

In: Brookshire, Brian L. Shifley, Stephen R., eds. Proceedings of the Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystem Project Symposium: an experimental approach to landscape research; 1997 June 3-5; St. Louis, MO. General Technical Report NC-193. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station: 347-355.

Abstract

Changes in average basal area and volume per acre were simulated for a 35-year pertod using the treatments designated for sites 4, 5, and 6 of the Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystem Project. A traditional growth and yield model (Central States TWIGS variant of the Forest Vegetation Simulator) was used with Landscape Management System Software to simulate and display changes over time. Both the even-aged and uneven-aged treatments exhibited decreasing average basal area per acre and increasing average standing volume per acre over the 35-year period. The no-harvest treatment exhibited both increasing average basal area and increasing average standing volume per acre. The even-aged treatment produced the greatest average yield per acre, the uneven-aged treatment produced an intermediate average yield per acre, and the no harvest treatment produced the least average yield per acre. Tools used to visualize the model output are illustrated.

Citation

Larsen, David R. 1997. Simulated Long-term Effects of the MOFEP Cutting Treatments. In: Brookshire, Brian L. Shifley, Stephen R., eds. Proceedings of the Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystem Project Symposium: an experimental approach to landscape research; 1997 June 3-5; St. Louis, MO. General Technical Report NC-193. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station: 347-355.

Last updated on: February 10, 2017

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Synthesis and Integration of Pre-treatment Results from the Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystem Project

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• Gram, Wendy K.
• Sork, Victoria L.
• Marquis, Robert J.

Year Published

1997

Publication

In: Brookshire, Brian L. Shifley, Stephen R., eds. Proceedings of the Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystem Project Symposium: an experimental approach to landscape research; 1997 June 3-5; St. Louis, MO. General Technical Report NC-193. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station: 356-369.

Abstract

Integrating results across disciplines is a critical component of ecosystem management and research. The common research sites, landscape-scale experimental design, and breadth of research subjects in Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystem Project provide circumstances conducive for addressing multidisciplinary questions. Our objectives were to (1) summarize the treatment and block effects for pre-treatment studies, (2) identify potential relationships among taxa at different scales by comparing site and ecological landtype (ELT) pattems of diversity and relative abundance, and (3) explore abundance pattems of taxa across year of Missouri Department of Conservation land acquisition classes. We found few pre-treatment effects, but block 3 frequently was different from blocks 1 and 2. Many potential interactions were identified, most of which were between species from different taxonomic groups. Our results suggest that many relationships within an ecosystem are apparent only among species at fine spatial scales. Future analyses will include use of multivariate and spatially explicit models.

Citation

Gram, Wendy K.; Sork, Victoria L.; Marquis, Robert J. 1997. Synthesis and Integration of Pre-treatment Results from the Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystem Project. In: Brookshire, Brian L. Shifley, Stephen R., eds. Proceedings of the Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystem Project Symposium: an experimental approach to landscape research; 1997 June 3-5; St. Louis, MO. General Technical Report NC-193. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station: 356-369.

Last updated on: February 10, 2017

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Initiating Long-Term Soil Productivity Research in Missouri

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• Ponder, Felix Jr.

Year Published

1997

Publication

In: Brookshire, Brian L. Shifley, Stephen R., eds. Proceedings of the Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystem Project Symposium: an experimental approach to landscape research; 1997 June 3-5; St. Louis, MO. General Technical Report NC-193. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station: 370-378.

Abstract

Management practices necessary for sustaining long-term soil productivity (LTSP) afforest lands are being defined from a network of coordinated, long-term experiments established in vartous ecosystems across the United States and British Columbia according to the same basic study plan. The study was established in the Ozark Region of southeastem Missouri in Shannon County in 1995. It is being led by Forest Service Research, with cooperation from the Mark Twain National Forest, Missouri's Department of Conservation and Department of Natural Resources, the Natural Resources Conservation Service, and the University of Missouri. The impacts of treatments on soil productivity and site quality will be periodically evaluated over the life of the regenerating stands at the study site. This report summarizes some of the pre-treatment data, mortality, and nutrient concentrations in herbaceous vegetation.

Citation

Ponder, Felix, Jr. 1997. Initiating Long-Term Soil Productivity Research in Missouri. In: Brookshire, Brian L. Shifley, Stephen R., eds. Proceedings of the Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystem Project Symposium: an experimental approach to landscape research; 1997 June 3-5; St. Louis, MO. General Technical Report NC-193. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station: 370-378.

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Aspen-associated mycorrhizal fungal production and respiration as a function of changing CO2, O3 and climatic variables

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• Andrew, Carrie J.
• van Diepen, Linda T.A.
• Miller, R. Michael
• Lilleskov, Erik A.

Year Published

2014

Source

Fungal Ecology. 10: 70-80.

Abstract

The relationships of mycorrhizal fungal respiration and productivity to climate and atmospheric chemistry remain under characterized. We quantified mycorrhizal sporocarp and hyphal respiration, as well as growing season net hyphal production, under ambient and elevated carbon dioxide (CO₂) and ozone (O₃) in relation to natural temperature and moisture variation. Hyphal respiration did not respond significantly to elevated CO₂and O₃. Sporocarp respiration was affected by temperature and moisture content while hyphal respiratory response to temperature was undetected over the narrower range of soil temperatures captured. Hyphal respiration comprised 31% of soil respiration, and the ratio of hyphal respiration to soil respiration declined with elevated CO₂. Hyphal biomass was reduced under all treatments though not statistically significant. Given the large fraction of soil respiration represented by mycorrhizal fungi and its sensitivity to climate, a small change in fungal respiration could strongly affect carbon budgets and cycling under climate change.

Keywords

• Carbon dioxide
• Mycorrhizal fungi
• Ozone
• Populus tremuloides
• Productivity
• Respiration

Citation

Andrew, Carrie J.; van Diepen, Linda T.A.; Miller, R. Michael; Lilleskov, Erik A. 2014. Aspen-associated mycorrhizal fungal production and respiration as a function of changing CO₂, O₃ and climatic variables. Fungal Ecology. 10: 70-80.

Last updated on: February 14, 2017

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