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Wednesday, 5 April 2017

Forestry industry trade by degree of wood processing in the enlarged European Union countries

Author
Štefan Bojnec and Imre Fertő (ferto@econ.core.hu)
Forest Policy and Economics, 2014, vol. 40, issue C, pages 31-39

Abstract: This paper analyses the forestry industry trade of the New Member States (NMS-11) of the European Union (EU) on the enlarged EU-27 markets, focusing on three groups of wood products: raw wood, semi-finished and finished wood products in the 1999–2010 period. The best performing NMS-11 country in the forestry industry trade with the enlarged EU-27 is Cyprus with a trade surplus mostly based on finished or at least semi-finished wood products. The results suggest a convergence in the forestry industry trade specialisation of the NMS-11 countries. A significant variation in the mobility of the forestry industry trade specialisation is found, but with a deterioration in forestry industry trade specialisation patterns over time. The results suggest the crucial role that the wood-processing and furniture industries can play with finished wood products and their backward linkages to raw wood and semi-finished wood products for forestry industry competitiveness. Forestry industry management should focus on better quality and greater trade competitiveness in the vertical wood industry supply chains from lower to higher value-added and marketed wood products.
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Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics


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  • Open access
Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics

  • ISSN: 1074-0708 (Print), 2056-7405 (Online)
  • Frequency: 4 issues per year
Published on behalf of the Southern Agricultural Economics Association, the Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics is a forum for creative and scholarly work in agricultural economics and related areas. Contributions on methodology and applications in business, extension, research, and teaching phases of agricultural and applied economics are equally encouraged. As of 2015 (Vol 47), articles are published on an open access basis. 
Title History
Currently known as:
Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 
Vol 25 (1993) onwards 
ISSN: 1074-0708 (Print), 2056-7405 (Online) 

Formerly known as:
Southern Journal of Agricultural Economics 
Vol 1 (1969) - Vol 24 (1992) 
ISSN: 1074-0708 (Print), 2056-7405 (Online) 

























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30th International Conference of Agricultural Economist

Welcome
The International Association of Agricultural Economists (IAAE) is a worldwide association of agricultural economists and others concerned with agricultural economic problems, including problems related to the use of renewable resources and the environment. Its broad goal is to make a difference through:
  • Fostering the application of agricultural economics to improve rural economic and social conditions.
  • Advancing knowledge of agriculture's economic organization.
  • Facilitating communication and information exchange among those concerned with rural welfare.
The IAAE flagship conference – International Conference of Agricultural Economists (ICAE) – is held every three years and attracts about a thousand colleagues from around the world. The 30th conference will take place on Canada's West Coast, in beautiful Vancouver, British Columbia, July 28 - August 2, 

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U.S. BROILER, TURKEY AND TOTAL POULTRY SUPPLY RESPONSE TO CORN FEED PRICES

Author
Ahmed Hussein

Abstract: Corn constitutes about 60 % of the normal poultry diet, and the remaining ingredients are soybean meal(Leeson and Summers 2005). The feed cost represents about 70% of the operation cost shares in poultry production. So any increase in corn feed prices could potentially reduce the profit margin for poultry growers and consequently a reduction in the quantity of poultry produced and a higher price for poultry meat at the retail level. Most of the recent corn price spikes in the U.S has been partly due to ethanol production which consumes about 30% of U.S corn. This paper deploys Nerlovian partial adjustment model for broiler, turkey and total poultry production in the U.S. The previous period’s corn feed price elasticity of demand is greater in the long-run compared to the short-run across broiler and total poultry production. Meanwhile, turkey production shows higher adjustment speeds but lower short and long-run corn feed price elasticity of demand.
Keywords: Nerlove Model; corn price; poultry production.; Agribusiness; Production Economics (search for similar items in EconPapers)
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Date: 2017-02-04
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Effects of Economic Crises on Employment and Productivity Dynamics in Japan (Japanese)

Author
Kenta Ikeuchi, YoungGak Kim, Hyeog Ug Kwon and Kyoji Fukao (k.fukao@r.hit-u.ac.jp)

Abstract: Japan experienced multiple recessions during the "Two Lost Decades." According to previous studies, economic crises may affect the metabolic function of the economy (e.g., Caballero and Hammor 1994). However, there are limited empirical studies on the effect of economic crises on the metabolic function of the economy in Japan. Therefore, in this paper, using microdata of the manufacturing industry, we analyze the relationship between productivity and employment during periods of crises in the Japanese economy, using industrial level and micro level data. The results indicate that the economic crises experienced by Japan during the "Two Lost Decades" reinforced the efficient allocation of resources within industries through the expansion of a relative share of highly productive establishments.
Date: 2017-03
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Quantitative Analysis of the "Rumor-based Economical Damage" for Agricultural, Forestry and Fishery Products and Compensation Payment Caused by Tokyo Electric Power Company Fukushima No. 1 Nuclear Power Reactor Accident (Japanese)

Author
Kazunari Kainou
Abstract: This paper attempts a quantitative analysis for the so-called "rumor-based economical damage" of agricultural, forestry and fishery products caused by the Fukushima No. 1 Nuclear Power Reactor Accident in March 2011 in Japan, and proposes new quantitative measurement methodologies that enable determination of whether the damage has ended or is continuing by an application of average treatment effect related methodologies in econometrics using official wholesale prices and volume statistics of the Tokyo metropolitan central wholesale market and so on. This paper also tries to clarify the status of the damage for agricultural, forestry and fishery products from Fukushima and nearby prefectures by applying the quantitative measurement methodologies and proposes necessary policy changes based on the analysis on the issues found through the quantitative analysis. This paper shows and concludes that most of the so-called "rumor-based economical damage" of agricultural, forestry and fishery products from Fukushima and nearby prefectures have already ended, after the quantitative analysis that statistically tests significant drops of relative wholesale price and quantity comparing data before and after the accident, applying relative sales share index time-series analysis and relative price vector auto regression analysis and so on for 10 typical radioactive safety regulated products such as fish and rice and 14 products that already removed radioactive safety regulation after the accident or that have not been an object of such regulation from the beginning from five prefectures including Fukushima. This paper further inspects and considers typical unusual phenomena found through the above quantitative analysis by products and producing districts such as regional difference of the damage by rice-producing districts or difference of the damage by beef products, and proposes necessary policy changes in order to terminate the effect of the damage as soon as possible.
Date: 2017-02
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Internationalization and Productivity of Manufacturing Firms in the Hokuriku Region (Japanese)

Author
Nobuaki Hamaguchi, Toshitaka Gokan, Kazunobu Hayakawa (kazunobu_hayakawa@ide-gsm.org), Yoshihiro Kameyama, Toyojiro Maruya, Toshiyuki Matsuura, Shuji Shiramataand Xu Zhang

Abstract: Internationalized firms are more intensively concentrated in three mega-metropolitan regions than in the rest of the population in Japan. Although the firms in the Hokuriku region are relatively more internationalized compared to firms of other non-mega regions, they are significantly smaller in size and lower in productivity than the internationalized firms of the three mega-metropolitan regions. In fact, the productivity of internationalized firms is not significantly higher than that of the non-internationalized firms in the Hokuriku region. Hokuriku firms benefit from the positive externality from the agglomeration of firms in the same industry. Local technological organizations such as public industrial research centers and university technology licensing offices play a certain role. Yet, exporting is a challenge for Hokuriku firms with its local business conditions. Our empirical findings suggest that they tend not to internationalize with a sufficient level of productivity, which would induce firms to internationalize under better business conditions. It is also found that, although not internationalized themselves, Hokuriku firms that are indirectly internationalized through selling products to internationalized firms exhibit higher productivity than those that are neither internationalized directly nor indirectly. Because Hokuriku lacks a major international port within the region but has good connections to all three mega-metropolitan regions through highways and railways, firms may find it more advantageous to be suppliers for exporting firms rather than exporters themselves.
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Date: 2017-01
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On the Necessity of International Disciplines on Food Export Restriction (Japanese)

Author
Kazuhito Yamashita
Abstract: The world food trade is distorted by agricultural trade policies. Import tariffs and non-tariff barriers are regulated by the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and the World Trade Organization (WTO) and are disciplined as a result. On the other hand, export quantity restrictions and export taxes have been lightly regulated. This lack of regulation has led many exporting countries to resort to these export measures as world food prices increase. In 2008, as world grain prices soared, China and India took such measures which resulted in a food crisis in food-importing, developing countries such as the Philippines. In 2012, the severe drought in the United States pushed the international prices of corn and soybean to a record-high level. The international society is becoming concerned with the disciplines on food export restrictions, and this issue was discussed by the leaders in the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) regions in Vladivostok, Russia. Regarding corn, wheat, and soybean, however, major exporting countries export the majority of their production. Furthermore, they are developed countries whose consumers can afford to buy food at high prices, and will continue to export even if they yield a terrible harvest. Rice is an exception. Major exporters are developing countries. We cannot force these countries to continue to export while they are experiencing a food crisis and have many starving people who are unable to afford food at high prices. Furthermore, Japan is a self-sufficient country which does not depend on rice imports, but has isolated its domestic market with a high tariff on rice. In brief, there is little-to-no chance that major exporting countries will resort to export restriction measures for major grains with the exception of rice. Although the stakes for rice are high, Japan does not need any international disciplines on food export restrictions since it does not depend on foreign countries. Japan's proposals on international disciplines on food export restrictions in international fora such as the WTO have not been based on the real interests.
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Date: 2013-02
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The Response of Corn Acreage to Ethanol Plant Siting

Author
Yehushua S. Fatal and Walter Thurman

Abstract: U.S. ethanol production capacity increased more than threefold between 2002 and 2008. We study the effect of this growth on corn acreage. Connecting annual changes in county-level corn acreage to changes in ethanol plant capacities, we find a positive effect on planted corn. The building of a typical plant is estimated to increase corn in the county by over 500 acres and to increase acreage in surrounding counties up to almost 300 miles away. All ethanol plants are estimated to increase corn production by less than their annual requirements.
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Journal Article: The Response of Corn Acreage to Ethanol Plant Siting (2014) Downloads
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Contemporaneous interactions among fuel, biofuel and agricultural commodities

Author
Adrian Fernandez-Perez, Bart Frijns (bfrijns@aut.ac.nz) and Alireza Tourani-Rad
Energy Economics, 2016, vol. 58, issue C, pages 1-10

Abstract: This study examines the contemporaneous interactions among energy (oil and ethanol) and agricultural commodities (corn, soybean, and wheat) in the United States during the period 1 June 2006 to 22 January 2016. Since traditional VAR analysis is not able to capture the contemporaneous interactions among these commodities, we employ a structural VAR analysis in combination with the identification through heteroskedasticity approach. The empirical results indicate that i) the contemporaneous interactions are important, asymmetric, and have implications for impulse response functions; ii) crude oil has a unidirectional contemporaneous impact on the agricultural commodities, and the agricultural commodities (corn and soybean) – mostly used in the biofuel production – have a unidirectional contemporaneous impact on ethanol; and finally, iii) these contemporaneous relations depend on the price level of crude oil in that there are stronger effects from crude oil (agricultural commodities) to agricultural commodities (ethanol) in high crude oil price states.
Keywords: Contemporaneous interactions; Biofuel; Structural VAR (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C32 Q16 Q42 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2016
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http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140988316301323
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Advantages and Disadvantages of Fasting for Runners

Author BY   ANDREA CESPEDES  Food is fuel, especially for serious runners who need a lot of energy. It may seem counterintuiti...