Alteration of the soil bacterial community during parent material maturation driven by different fertilization treatments

Published Date

May 2016, Vol.96:207–215, doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2016.02.011

Title 

Alteration of the soil bacterial community during parent material maturation driven by different fertilization treatments

• Author 

• Li Sun ^a,1
• Weibing Xun ^a,b,1
• Ting Huang ^c
• Guishan Zhang ^b
• Jusheng Gao ^d
• Wei Ran ^a
• Dongchu Li ^d
• Qirong Shen ^a
• Ruifu Zhang ^a,b,,

• aJiangsu Key Lab and Engineering Center for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
• bKey Laboratory of Microbial Resources Collection and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, PR China
• cHanlin College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Taizhou, 225300, PR China
• dQiyang Red Soil Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiyang, 426182, PR China

Received 13 August 2015. Revised 16 February 2016. Accepted 19 February 2016. Available online 3 March 2016.

Highlights

• •
  Fertilizations enhanced soil parent material maturation compared with cultivation alone.
• •
  Chemical fertilization was effective on enriching copiotrophic bacteria during soil maturation.
• •
  Chemical fertilization decreased soil bacterial diversity and richness during soil maturation.
• •
  Straw returning has less negative effect on bacterial diversity compared to chemical fertilization.

Abstract

Soil parent materials are potential arable land resources that have great value for utilization. Soil bacteria play vital roles in soil formation, and soil parent material provides the basic nutritional environment for the development of the microbial community. Due to the extremely limited available nutrients in most parent materials, fertilization management is important for providing necessary available nutrients and for enhancing the maturation process of the parent materials. After 30 years of artificial maturation driven by different fertilization treatments, the soil development of three different parental materials was evaluated, and the bacterial community compositions were investigated using a high-throughput nucleic acid sequencing approach. The results showed that fertilization management increased the soil fertility and microbial biomass and enhanced soil parent material maturation compared with cultivation alone. Supplying available nutrients via chemical fertilization was more effective than cultivation alone for soil nutrient accumulation, microbial biomass promotion, and copiotrophic bacterial enrichment during soil parent material development. The soil bacterial community structure was determined by both parent material and fertilization strategies. Compared to straw returning, chemical fertilization-driven parent material maturation decreased soil bacterial diversity and significantly changed the soil bacterial community structure. However, compared to chemical fertilization, straw returning had a less negative effect on soil bacterial diversity, but was not as efficient in resolving the nutrient limitation during soil parent material maturation. This study provided insight into the maturation of soil parent materials for agriculture production to support the ever constant need for food by an increasing human population.

Keywords

• Soil parental material
• Bacterial community
• Soil maturity
• Fertilization

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• ∗ 
  Corresponding author. College of Resources & Environmental Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, PR China. Tel.: +86 25 84396477; fax: +86 25 84396260.

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