Capturing the Value of Forest Carbon for Local Livelihoods

Published Date
December 2003, Vol.31(12):2143–2160, doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2003.06.011

Author 

• Joyotee Smith

• Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Bogor, Indonesia

• Sara J Scherr

• Forest Trends, Washington, DC, USA

Accepted 27 June 2003. Available online 20 October 2003. 

Abstract

We contribute to the debate on the social implications of carbon forestry projects by showing that tradeoffs exist between social benefits of projects and their cost-effectiveness. Large-scale industrial plantations and strict forest protection are economically viable, but pose the highest social risks. Socially beneficial projects are less cost-effective because of their higher transaction costs. Enabling policies are also required for their success. Regulation of carbon markets will therefore be required to reduce social risks and enhance benefits. We propose a number of regulatory and proactive measures and justify them on the basis of market imperfections and concepts of sustainable development.

Keywords

carbon

Kyoto Protocol

forests

tropical countries

poverty

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 Table 1

Table 1.

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