The Effect of Various Pretreatment Methods on Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) and Kenaf Core Fibers for Sugar Production

Published Date
2014, Vol.20:328–335, doi:10.1016/j.proenv.2014.03.041
The 4th International Conference on Sustainable Future for Human Security SUSTAIN 2013
Open Access, Creative Commons license

Author 

Tye Ying Ying ^a

Lee Keat Teong ^b

Wan Nadiah Wan Abdullah ^a

Leh Cheu Peng ^a,,

aSchool of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia

bSchool of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering campus, Seri Ampang, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia

Available online 2 May 2014.

Abstract

In this study, oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) and kenaf core fibers were converted into sugar for bioethanol production. Results of enzymatic hydrolysis showed that the untreated EFB and kenaf core fibers were hardly to be hydrolysed, in which yielded only 2.6% and 0.4% of reducing sugar (glucose), respectively. In consideration to environmentally friendliness, simple aqueous pre-treatments were carried out prior to hydrolysis aimed to increase sugar production. Based on the results obtained, it was interesting to note that by adopting merely water, acid and alkaline pre-treatments, the total glucose yields were increased to 34.9%, 34.2% and 27.9% for EFB fiber, while 19.3%, 11.7%, and 12.6% for kenaf core fiber, respectively. The results of chemical composition analysis of pre-treated fibers indicated the increase of the sugar production was highly related to the removal of hemicellulose and/or lignin in the fibers. Between the two fibers, pre-treated EFB fiber attained the highest total glucose yield in all the pre-treatments. This revealed that EFB fiber was more viable for sugar production than kenaf core fiber.

Keywords

Kenaf core fiber

Oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber

Pretreatment

Enzymatic hydrolysis

Glucose

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• ☆
  Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the SustaiN conference committee and supported by Kyoto University; (RISH), (OPIR), (GCOE-ARS) and (GSS) as co-hosts.

• ⁎ 
  Corresponding author. Tel.: +60 4 6532147; fax: +0 4 6573678.

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