Aroma profile and essential oil composition of Rhus coriaria fruits from four Sicilian sites of collection

Published Date
Industrial Crops and Products
March 2017, Vol.97:166–174, doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.12.018

• Author 

• Silvia Giovanelli ^a,
• Giulia Giusti ^a,
• Pier Luigi Cioni ^a,
• Pietro Minissale ^b,
• Daniela Ciccarelli ^c,
• Luisa Pistelli ^a,d,,

• aDipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, via Bonanno 6 656126 Pisa, Italy
• bDipartimento di Scienze Biologiche Geologiche e Ambientali, Università di Catania, Via A. Longo 19, Catania 95125, Italy
• cDipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, Via Luca Ghini 5, 56126 Pisa, Italy
• dCentro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca “Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy

Received 11 May 2016. Revised 12 December 2016. Accepted 13 December 2016. Available online 22 December 2016. 

Highlights

• •
  EOs composition and volatiles emission of four Sicilian sumac samples were analysed by GC-FID and GC–MS for the first time.
• •
  Non terpenic compounds were present as main constituents, mainly represented by aldehydes.
• •
  EO composition is quite similar in three of the four samples except for [CG] where p-anisaldehyde showed the high percentage in comparison with the others.
• •
  Main oil components in R. coriaria fruits were p-anisaldehyde, (Z)-2-heptenal, (E)-2-decenal, β-caryophllene and cembrene.

Abstract

The volatile fractions and essential oils from Rhus coriaria fruits collected in four locations in Sicily (Italy) were characterized by GC–FID and GC–MS analysis. Monoterpenes were identified as the main class of constituents in volatiles spontaneously emitted by sumac fruits collected in two of the four sites (42.1–59.9% in ‘CNS’ and ‘CIN’ respectively), while non terpenic compounds predominated in the other two (46.1–52.8% in ‘MR’ and ‘CG’, respectively). The EO composition were characterized by high amount of non terpenic compounds (from 27.5 to 55.1%), followed by sesquiterpenes and diterpenes. p-anisaldehyde was the main constituent both in volatiles emitted by ‘CG’ sample and in its essential oil (28.4 and 20.8%, respectively). The comparison between the EOs obtained from the Sicilian samples differed from the EO obtained from sumac fruits purchased on the Jordanian market, even though a similar composition were evidenced with Turkish samples reported in the literature.

Graphical abstract

Abbreviations

• HPLC-DAD/QTOF-MS, high performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry
• HS-SPME, headspace–solid phase microextraction
• GC–EIMS, gas chromatography with electron impact mass spectrometry

Keywords

• Sumac
• Anacardiaceae
• Volatiles
• Wild plants
• Cluster analysis
• Non-metric multidimensional scaling

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• ⁎ 
  Corresponding author at: Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.

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