SOIL ORGANIC MATTER DYNAMICS UPON SECONDARY SUCCESSION IN IMPERATA GRASSLAND, EAST KALIMANTAN, INDONESIA

Author

Buurman

Abstract

Soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics upon secondary succession in Imperata grassland was studied by stable carbon isotope analysis. The data of litter and soil samples of twenty plots in four different stages of succession were compared. These different stages were represented by plots that were; (1) last burned 3 years before sampling (Imperata grassland), (2) last burned 9 years before, (3) a secondary forest (≥15 years) and (4) a primary forest.  Result showed that isotopic signatures of all soil horizons of the regeneration stages were statistically different from those of the primary forest. The A-horizon under the 3-years Imperata plot still contained 23% forest (C3) carbon, and this fraction increased to 51% in the-B-horizon. In the 9-years plot and in the secondary forest, the C3 carbon on the A-horizon increased to 51% and 96%, respectively.  In the topsoil, the loss of C4-C between the 3-years and the 9-years plot was significant, while it appeared negligible in the AB-horizon. The strong decay in the topsoil under Imperata grassland may be due to the rather high carbohydrate content of the SOM, which is considered easily decomposable. Further research is needed especially to explore the relation between carbon stocks and chemical of SOM composition. Such insight may help to better understand and predict soil carbon changes in relation to climate and vegetation change.

Keywords

Carbon isotopes;, Imperata grasslands; secondary succession; soil organic matter

Full Text:

PDF

References

Balesdent, J., Girardin, C., & Mariotti, A. (1993). Site related d13C of tree leaves and soil organic matter in a temperate forest. Ecology, 74, 1713–1721.

Balesdent, J., & Mariotti, A. (1996). Measurementof soil organic matter turnover using d13C natural abundance. In T. W. Boutton & S. Yamasaki (Eds.), Mass Spectrometry of Soils (pp. 83–111). New York: Marcel-Dekker.

Binkley, D., Valentine, D., Wells, C., & Valentine, U. (1989). An empirical analysis of the factor contributing to 20-year decrease in soil pH in an old-field plantation of loblolly pine. Biogeochemistry, 8, 39–54.

Boutton, T.W. (1996). Stable carbon isotope ratio of soil organic matter and their uses as indicators of vegetation and climate changes. In S. Boutton, T.W., Yamasaki (Ed.), Mass spectrometry of Soils (pp. 47–82). New York: Marcel Dekker.

Boutton, T.W., Archer, S.R., Midwood, A. J., Zitzer, S.F., & Bol, R. (1989). d13C values of soil organic carbon and their use in documenting vegetation change in a subtropical savanna ecosystem. Geoderma, 85, 5–41.

Chen, Q., Shen, C., Sun, Y., Peng, S., Yi, W., Li., Z., & Jiang, M. (2008). Soil carbon dynamics in a subtropical mountainous region, South China: Results based on carbon isotopic tracing. In

H. Huang, P.M. Huang, & A. Violante (Eds.), Soil Mineral-Microbe-Organic Interactions:Theories and Applications. (pp. 233–258).

Cortez, J. (1998). Field decomposition of leaf litters: Relationships between decomposition rates and soil moisture, soil temperature and earthworm activity. Soil Biol. Biochem, 30, 783–793.

Cruz, A.B., & del Castillo, R.F. (2005). Soil change during secondary succession in a Tropical Montane cloud forest area. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 69, 906–914.

Dijkstra, P., Ishizu, A., Doucett, R., Hart, S., Schwartz, E., Menyailo, O., & Hungate, B. (2006). 13C and 15N natural abundance of the soil microbial biomass. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 38, 3257–3266.

Ehleringer, J.R., Buchmann, N., & Flanagan, L.B. (2000). Carbon isotope ratios in belowground carbon cycle process. Ecological Applications, 10, 412–422.

Food and Agriculture Organization. (2001). Lecture notes on major soils of the world. In P. Driessen & J. Deckers (Eds.), World soil resources reports - 94. Rome, Italy.

Farley, K.A., Pineiro, G., Palmer, S.M., Jobbagy, E.G., & Jackson, R.B. (2008). Stream acidification and base cation losses with grassland afforestation. Water Resources Research, 44, W00A03. doi:dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007WR006659

Garten, C.T., Hanson, P.J., Todd, D.E., Lu, B.B., & Brice, D.J. (2007). Natural 14N- and 12C-abudance as indicators of forest nitrogen status and soil carbon dynamics. In K. Michener, R., Lajtha (Ed.), Stable isotopes in Ecology and Environmental Science (pp. 61–82). Australia: Blackwell Publishing.

Katsuno, K., Miyairi, Y., Tamura, K., Matsuzaki, H., & Fukuda, K. (2010). A study of the carbon dynamics of Japanese grassland and forest using 14C and 13C. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, 268, 1106–1109.

Lal, R., & Kimble, J.M. (2000). Tropical ecosystems and the global C cycle. In R. Lal, J. M. Kimble, & B. A. Stewart (Eds.), Global Climate Change and Tropical Ecosystems (pp. 3–32). Boca Raton: CRC Press.

Liang, C., Das, K.C., & McClendon, R.W. (2003). The influence of temperature and moisture contents regimes on the aerobic microbial activity of a biosolids composting blend. Bioresource Technology, 86, 131–137.

Magnusson, W.E., Sanaiotti, T.M., Lima, A.P., Martinelli, L.A., Victoria, R.L., C de Arau’jo, M.C., Albernaz, A. L. (2002). A comparison of d13C ratios of surface soils in savannas and forests in Amazonia. Journal of Biogeography, 29, 857–863.

Marin-Spiotta, E., Silver, W.L., Swanston, C.W., & Ostertag, R. (2009). Soil organic matter dynamics during 80 years of reforestation of tropical pastures. Global Change Biology, 15, 1584–1597.

Martin, A., Mariotti, A., Balesdent, J., Lavelle, P., & Vuattoux, R. (1990). Estimate of organic matter turnover rate in a savannah soil by d13C natural abundance measurement. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 22, 517–523.

Nadelhoffer, K.L., & Fry, B. (1988). Controls on natural nitrogen-15 and carbon-13 abundances in forest soil organic matter. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 52, 1633–1640.

Ohta, S., Morisada, K., Tanaka, N., Kiyono, Y., & Effendi, S. (2000). Are soil in degraded Dipterocarp forest ecosystem deteriored? A comparison Imperata Grasslands, degraded secondary forests, and primary forests. In S. Guharja, E., Fatawi, M., Sutisna, M., Ohta (Ed.), Rain forest ecosystem of East Kalimantan: El nino, drought, fire and human impacts (Ecological Studies 140) (pp. 49–57). Japan: SpringerVerlag.

Qiming, L., Shijie, W., Hechun, P., & Ziyuan, O. (2003). The variation of soil organic matter in a forest-cultivation sequence traced by stable carbon isotopes. Chinese Journal of Geochemistry, 22, 83–88.

Risch, A.C., Jurgensen, M.F., & Frank, D.A. (2007). Effects of grazing and soil micro-climate on decomposition rates in a spatio-temporally heterogeneous grassland. Plant Soil, 298, 191– 201.

Roscoe, R., Buurman, P., Velthorst, E.J., & Pereira, J.A.A. (2000). Effects of fire on soil organic matter in a “cerrado sensu-stricto” from Southeast Brazil as revealed by changes in d13C. Geoderma, 95, 141–160.

Van der Kamp, J., Yassir, I., & Buurman, P. (2009). Soil carbon changes upon secondary succession in Imperata grasslands (East Kalimantan, Indonesia). Geoderma, 149, 76– 83.

Van Noordwijk, M., Cerri, C., Woomer, P.L., Nugroho, K., & Bernoux, M. (1997). Soil carbon dynamic in the humic tropical forest zone. Geoderma, 79, 187–225.

Veldkamp, E. (1994). Organic carbon turnover in three tropical soils under pasture after deforestation. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 58, 175–180.

Vitorello, V.A., Cerri, C.C., Andreux, F., Feller, C., & Victoria, R.L. (1989). Organic matter and natural carbon-13 distribution in forest and cultivated oxisol. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 53, 773–778.

Vitousek, P.M. (1984). Litterfall, nutrient cycling, and nutrient limitation in tropical forest. Ecology, 65, 285–298.

Whitehouse, A.E., & Mulyana, A.A.S. (2004). Coal fires in Indonesia. International Journal of Coal

Geology, 59, 91–97.

Wilcke, W., & Lilienfein, J. (2004). Soil Carbon-13 natural abundance under native and Managed vegetation in Brazil. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 68, 827–832.

Woomer, P. L., Palm, C. A., Alegre, J., Castilla, C., Cordeiro, D. G., Hairiah, K., Van Noordwijk,M. (2000). Slash-and-burn effects on carbon stocks in the humid tropics. In R. Lal, J. M.

Kimble, & B. A. Stewart (Eds.), Global Climate Change and Tropical Ecosystems (pp. 99–115). Boca Raton: CRC Press.

Yamashita, N., Ohta, S., & Hardjono, A. (2008). Soil changes induced by Acacia mangium plantation

establishment: Comparison with secondary forest and Imperata cylindrica grassland soils in South Sumatra,Indonesia. Forest Ecology and Management, 254, 362–370.

Yassir, I., & Omon, M. (2010). The relationship between potency arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and soil properties in marginal land Samboja, East Kalimantan (in Bahasa Indonesia). Jurnal Penelitian Hutan Tanaman. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hutan Tanaman, 3, 107–115.

Yassir, I., Van der Kamp, J., & Buurman, P. (2010). Secondary succession after fire in Imperata grasslands of East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 137, 172–182.

Yonekura, Y., Ohta, S., Kiyono, Y., Aksa, D., Morisada, K., Tanaka, N., & Kanzaki, M.(2010). Changes in soil carbon stock after deforestation and subsequent establishment of “Imperata” grassland in the Asian humid tropic. Plant Soil, 329, 495–507.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20886/ijfr.2015.2.1.43-53

For further details log on website :
http://ejournal.forda-mof.org/ejournal-litbang/index.php/IJFR/article/view/1636