March 2012, Vol.49:86–96, doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.09.011
Title
Author
Mohamed Z.M. Salem a,b,,
Martin Böhm a
Jaromír Srba c
Jitka Beránková c
Abstract
In this study, formaldehyde emission (FE) and content (FC) from different types of wood-based panels mainly; particleboard (PB), medium and high density fiberboard (MDF and HDF) and plywood (PLW) and flooring materials [HDF laminate, solid wood, solid bamboo and polyvinyl chloride (PVC)] were measured using different test methods namely; European small-scale chamber (EN 717-1), gas analysis (EN 717-2), the American small-scale chamber (ASTM D 6007-02), and the perforator (EN 120) methods. FE was affected with high significance by board type and thickness of PB (P < 0.0001), but there was no significant effect from the moisture content (MC %) of PB (P = 0.94) and PLW (P = 0.195). The corrected FC values measured EN 120 were declined when the MC % decreased. Furthermore, the liberation of formaldehyde was enhanced by the process of painting when 200 g/m2 oil-based paint was applied for MDF and HDF. There was a strong positive correlation among the four test methods (R2 values ranged between 0.88 and 0.94) concerning the formaldehyde values from PB-16 mm, and approximately the same indication of formaldehyde values, as well as similar behavior, were seen for each method. Moreover, the results indicate surprisingly that there was a good correlation between EN 120 and ASTM D 6007-02, with R2 values of 0.93. The measurements of FE from flooring panels were ranged between 0.003 and 0.125 mg/m3 and the PVC flooring with UV-curable layer only had emissions ranged between 0.003 and 0.008 mg/m3 as measured by EN 717-1. Values of the emittable formaldehyde concentrations from most of the products investigated in the present study were below the limits that are mandatory in the Czech Republic.
Highlights
Formaldehyde emission from different types of wood-based panels and floorings. ► Study the relationships among EN 717-1, EN 717-2, EN 120 and ASTM D 6007-02 methods. ► Great effect of laminate, painting and UV-curable layer on formaldehyde emission. ► Good positive correlations among the four test methods from particleboard with 16 mm. ► Surprisingly good correlation between EN 120 and ASTM D 6007-02 with R2 value of 0.93.
Keywords
For further details log on website :
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360132311002897
Title
Evaluation of formaldehyde emission from different types of wood-based panels and flooring materials using different standard test methods
Author
Received 8 July 2011. Revised 3 September 2011. Accepted 7 September 2011. Available online 14 September 2011.
In this study, formaldehyde emission (FE) and content (FC) from different types of wood-based panels mainly; particleboard (PB), medium and high density fiberboard (MDF and HDF) and plywood (PLW) and flooring materials [HDF laminate, solid wood, solid bamboo and polyvinyl chloride (PVC)] were measured using different test methods namely; European small-scale chamber (EN 717-1), gas analysis (EN 717-2), the American small-scale chamber (ASTM D 6007-02), and the perforator (EN 120) methods. FE was affected with high significance by board type and thickness of PB (P < 0.0001), but there was no significant effect from the moisture content (MC %) of PB (P = 0.94) and PLW (P = 0.195). The corrected FC values measured EN 120 were declined when the MC % decreased. Furthermore, the liberation of formaldehyde was enhanced by the process of painting when 200 g/m2 oil-based paint was applied for MDF and HDF. There was a strong positive correlation among the four test methods (R2 values ranged between 0.88 and 0.94) concerning the formaldehyde values from PB-16 mm, and approximately the same indication of formaldehyde values, as well as similar behavior, were seen for each method. Moreover, the results indicate surprisingly that there was a good correlation between EN 120 and ASTM D 6007-02, with R2 values of 0.93. The measurements of FE from flooring panels were ranged between 0.003 and 0.125 mg/m3 and the PVC flooring with UV-curable layer only had emissions ranged between 0.003 and 0.008 mg/m3 as measured by EN 717-1. Values of the emittable formaldehyde concentrations from most of the products investigated in the present study were below the limits that are mandatory in the Czech Republic.
Highlights
Formaldehyde emission from different types of wood-based panels and floorings. ► Study the relationships among EN 717-1, EN 717-2, EN 120 and ASTM D 6007-02 methods. ► Great effect of laminate, painting and UV-curable layer on formaldehyde emission. ► Good positive correlations among the four test methods from particleboard with 16 mm. ► Surprisingly good correlation between EN 120 and ASTM D 6007-02 with R2 value of 0.93.
Keywords
- Formaldehyde emission
- Formaldehyde content
- Wood-based panels
- Flooring panels
- Formaldehyde test methods
For further details log on website :
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360132311002897
No comments:
Post a Comment