Impact of Forest Fragmentation on Ranging and Home Range of Siamang (Symphalangus syndactylus) and Agile Gibbons (Hylobates agilis)

Author

• Achmad Yanuar 
• , David J. Chivers

Abstract

Fragmentation always results in the reduction of forest area and isolation of forest remnants (Bierregaard et al. 1997). Primates are flexible animals in the usage of area and diet (Chapman 1988). The gibbon is one of the arboreal primates that persists in small forest fragments. Fortunately, gibbons that have small home ranges (Leighton 1987) may survive better in large, medium and small forest fragments, due to their ability to exploit young leaves, a food resource widely distributed in the forest (Kakati 2004). Many small-group animals with small home range are extremely tolerant to habitat changes, such as habitat fragmentation, because they are able to exploit leaves and have flexible home range size (Rylands and Keuroghlian 1988). Home range was initially defined as the area in which an animal spends most of its adult life (Burt 1943; Jewell 1966; Bates 1970). Thus, home range size and ranging patterns among primates may rely on social aspects and feeding behaviour strategies (Spironello 2001). The term home range is modified to specify a given period or duration of observation and, thus employed, to demonstrate changing patterns of range use over time (Harrison 1983). For a gibbon group, it can be defined as the total area traversed by the group within a given period (Gittins 1979).

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