Author
Jane M. F. Johnson (jane.johnson@ars.usda.gov), Douglas L. Karlen (doug.karlen@ars.usda.gov), Garold L. Gresham (garold.gresham@inl.gov), Keri B. Cantrell (keribcantrell@gmail.com), David W. Archer (david.archer@ars.usda.gov), Brian J. Wienhold (brian.wienhold@ars.usda.gov), Gary E. Varvel (gevarvel@windstream.net), David A. Laird (dalaird@iastate.edu), John Baker (john.baker@ars.usda.gov), Tyson E. Ochsner (tyson.ochsner@okstate.edu), Jeff M. Novak (jeff.novak@ars.usda.gov), Ardell D. Halvorson (nancy.barbour@ars.usda.gov), Francisco Arriaga (nancy.barbour@ars.usda.gov), David T. Lightle (doug.karlen@ars.usda.gov), Amber Hoover (amber.hoover@inl.gov), Rachel Emerson (rachel.emerson@inl.gov) and Nancy W. Barbour (nancy.barbour@ars.usda.gov)
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Agriculture, 2014, vol. 4, issue 4, pages 1-14
Abstract: In the United States, corn ( Zea mays L.) stover has been targeted for second generation fuel production and other bio-products. Our objective was to characterize sugar and structural composition as a function of vertical distribution of corn stover (leaves and stalk) that was sampled at physiological maturity and about three weeks later from multiple USA locations. A small subset of samples was assessed for thermochemical composition. Concentrations of lignin, glucan, and xylan were about 10% greater at grain harvest than at physiological maturity, but harvestable biomass was about 25% less due to stalk breakage. Gross heating density above the ear averaged 16.3 ± 0.40 MJ kg −1 , but with an alkalinity measure of 0.83 g MJ −1 , slagging is likely to occur during gasification. Assuming a stover harvest height of 10 cm, the estimated ethanol yield would be >2500 L ha −1 , but it would be only 1000 L ha −1 if stover harvest was restricted to the material from above the primary ear. Vertical composition of corn stover is relatively uniform; thus, decision on cutting height may be driven by agronomic, economic and environmental considerations.
Keywords: lignocellulosic biomass; theoretical ethanol yield; soil organic carbon; sustainable; bioenergy; second generation feedstock (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2014
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Jane M. F. Johnson (jane.johnson@ars.usda.gov), Douglas L. Karlen (doug.karlen@ars.usda.gov), Garold L. Gresham (garold.gresham@inl.gov), Keri B. Cantrell (keribcantrell@gmail.com), David W. Archer (david.archer@ars.usda.gov), Brian J. Wienhold (brian.wienhold@ars.usda.gov), Gary E. Varvel (gevarvel@windstream.net), David A. Laird (dalaird@iastate.edu), John Baker (john.baker@ars.usda.gov), Tyson E. Ochsner (tyson.ochsner@okstate.edu), Jeff M. Novak (jeff.novak@ars.usda.gov), Ardell D. Halvorson (nancy.barbour@ars.usda.gov), Francisco Arriaga (nancy.barbour@ars.usda.gov), David T. Lightle (doug.karlen@ars.usda.gov), Amber Hoover (amber.hoover@inl.gov), Rachel Emerson (rachel.emerson@inl.gov) and Nancy W. Barbour (nancy.barbour@ars.usda.gov)
Additional contact information
Agriculture, 2014, vol. 4, issue 4, pages 1-14
Abstract: In the United States, corn ( Zea mays L.) stover has been targeted for second generation fuel production and other bio-products. Our objective was to characterize sugar and structural composition as a function of vertical distribution of corn stover (leaves and stalk) that was sampled at physiological maturity and about three weeks later from multiple USA locations. A small subset of samples was assessed for thermochemical composition. Concentrations of lignin, glucan, and xylan were about 10% greater at grain harvest than at physiological maturity, but harvestable biomass was about 25% less due to stalk breakage. Gross heating density above the ear averaged 16.3 ± 0.40 MJ kg −1 , but with an alkalinity measure of 0.83 g MJ −1 , slagging is likely to occur during gasification. Assuming a stover harvest height of 10 cm, the estimated ethanol yield would be >2500 L ha −1 , but it would be only 1000 L ha −1 if stover harvest was restricted to the material from above the primary ear. Vertical composition of corn stover is relatively uniform; thus, decision on cutting height may be driven by agronomic, economic and environmental considerations.
Keywords: lignocellulosic biomass; theoretical ethanol yield; soil organic carbon; sustainable; bioenergy; second generation feedstock (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2014
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations Track citations by RSS feed
Downloads: (external link)
http://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/4/4/274/pdf (application/pdf)
http://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/4/4/274/ (text/html)
Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.
Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text
Persistent link: http://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jagris:v:4:y:2014:i:4:p:274-287:d:42426
Access Statistics for this article
Agriculture is currently edited by Prof. Dr. Les Copeland
More articles in Agriculture from MDPI, Open Access Journal
Series data maintained by XML Conversion Team (xml-conversion@mdpi.com).
For further information log on website :
http://econpapers.repec.org/article/gamjagris/v_3a4_3ay_3a2014_3ai_3a4_3ap_3a274-287_3ad_3a42426.htm
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