Artificial Pollination on Pepper (Piper nigrum L.): Development of A New Procedure of Applicability Analysis on Self-Pollination Elimination Techniques

Published Date
Date: 01 July 2014

Author 

• Y. S. Chen 
• , C. S. Tawan
• , A. D. Paulus
• , S. L. Sim

Abstract 

Experiment on artificial pollination of Piper nigrum L. was carried out at Semongok Agriculture Research Centre, Kuching Sarawak. The aim of this study was to develop a reliable procedure of artificial pollination of P. nigrum. Even though artificial pollination in P. nigrum could be carried out by taking advantages of protogynous nature and acropetal pattern of stigma emergence, emasculation is still necessary to prevent self-pollination due to lack of uniformity in anther emergence and anther dehiscence. Besides, bagging of inflorescence is also necessary to prevent induced self-pollination by pollination agent. To reduce tediousness and intricacy in checking anther emergence and operation of emasculation, it is suggested to use only a single flower per inflorescence also. A guideline to ensure reliability of techniques used in preventing self-pollination has been developed. It was termed as Procedure of applicability analysis on self-pollination elimination techniques. This paper will enlighten the step by step procedure of this guideline in ensuring applicability of the techniques developed to prevent self-pollination in pepper.

References 

1. 1.
   Anadan, N. (1924). Observations on the habits of the pepper vine with special reference to the reproductive phase. Madras Department of Agricultural: Yearbook (pp. 49–69).
2. 2.
   Anonymous. (2009, March 26). Pepper industry not badly hit by global economic gloom. Sarawak News. Retrieved on July 8, 2009, from http://​www.​bernama.​com.​my/​bernama/​state_​news/​news.​php?​id=​399335&​cat=​sre
3. 3.
   De Waard, P. F., & Zevan, A. C. (1969). Pepper in outlines of perennial crop breeding in the tropics. In F. P. Ferweda & F. Wiy (Eds.), Lanbouwhogesch Wageningen: Miscellaneous Papers 4.
4. 4.
   Gentry, H. S. (1955). Apomixis in black pepper and jojoba? Journal of Heredity, 46(1), 8.
5. 5.
   Govinda, K. M. & Venkateswaran, P. A. (1929). Pepper cultivation on the West coast. Agricultural Department of Madras Bulletin, 98.
6. 6.
   Martin, F. W., & Gregory, L. E. (1962). Mode of pollination and factors affecting fruit set in Piper nigrum L., in Puerto Rico. Crop Science, 2, 295–299.CrossRef
7. 7.
   McGregor, S. E. (1976). Insect pollination of cultivated crop plants. Chapter 9: Crop plants and exotic plants: Black pepper and white pepper. USDA: Apiculturist, retired, Agricultural Research Service Western Region, Tucson, AZ. Retrieved on July 8, 2009, from http://​gears.​tucson.​ars.​ag.​gov/​book/​chap9/​black.​html
8. 8.
   Ravindran, P. N., Nirmal Baru, K., Sasikumar, B., & Krishnamurthy, K. S. (2000). Centres of pepper cultivation. In Black pepper (Piper nigrum): Introduction (pp. 9–14). New Delhi: Hardwood Academy Publishers.
9. 9.
   Sasikumar, B., George, J. K., & Ravindran, P. N. (1992). Breeding behavior of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.). Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops, 3, 158–160.
10. 10.
    Sim, S. L. (1993). Clonal selection and hybridization in pepper. In M. Y. Ibrahim, C. J. Bong, & I. B. Ipor (Eds.), The pepper industry: Problems and prospects (pp. 48–57). Bintulu: Universiti Pertanian Malaysia.
11. 11.
    Sim, S. L. (1985). Pepper breeding in Malaysia. In Proceeding of the national conference on pepper in Malaysia, pp. 47–55.

For further details log on website :
http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-287-077-3_49