TREND OF REALIZED GENETIC GAIN OBSERVED IN SECOND-GENERATION SEEDLING SEED ORCHARDS OF ACACIA MANGIUM IN SOUTH KALIMANTAN, INDONESIA

Author

Arif Nirsatmanto, Teguh Setyaji, Surip Surip

Abstract

Comprehensive  tree improvement  program for Acacia mangium has been started since 1992 by establishing  a  series  of  first generation  Seedling  Seed  Orchards  (SSO)  in  Indonesia.  Selection procedures in the first-generation of SSO have completely finished, and subsequently it was continued for second-generation improvement. This paper examines a trend of realized genetic gain as a response of selection practiced in the first-generation SSO. The observation was carried out in three sub-lines of the second-generation SSO (namely Sub-line B, C and D). Parameters recorded included tree height, diameter at breast height (dbh) and stem straightness that were recorded periodically up to 4 years growth. The realized genetic gain was calculated as a percentage of improved plus trees population in the first-generation of  SSO compared to those of  unimproved trees. The results showed that the improved population was consistently better that those of unimproved one until 4 years of age. There were variation in terms of realized genetic gain parameters recorded depending on the sub-lines and ages. The tree height varied from 1.1% to 5%, while dbh and stem straightness were in the ranges of 2.8% to 6.7% and from 1.8% to 8.4%, respectively. Across the three sub-lines, the tree height varied from 2.2% to 3.1%, while dbh and stem straightness were in the ranges of 4.3% to 5.2% and 4.3% to 6%, respectively.  In general, the trend of the realized genetic gains slightly decreased for dbh and tree height with the increasing of ages, while it slightly increased for stem straightness.

Keywords

Acacia mangium; Realized Genetic Gain; Seedling Seed Orchard; Second Generation

Full Text:

PDF

References

Butcher, P.A., J.C. Glaubitz and G.F. Moran. 1999. Applications for microsatellites markers in the domestication and conservation of forest trees. Forest Genetic Resources 27:34-42.

Eldridge, K., J. Davidson., C. Harwood and G. van Wyk. 1993. Eucalypt domestication and breeding. Claredon Press, Oxford, 288p.

Harwood, C.E, D. Alloysius, P. Pomroy, K.W. Robson and N.W. Haines. 1997. Early growth and survival of Eucalyptus pellita provenances in a range of tropical environments, compared with E. grandis, E.urophylla and Acacia mangium. New Forest 14(3):203-219.

Hashimoto, K, S. Kurinobu and H. Suhaendi. 1996. Establishment of seed sources of tropical tree species in Indonesia. In : Dieters, M.J., A.C. Matheson, D.G. Nikles, C.E. Harwood, S.M. Walker (eds) Tree improvement for sustainable tropical forestry. Proceeding of the QFRI-IUFRO Conference, Caloundra, Australia. 27 October - 1 November 1996. pp370-371.

Hubert, J., Gardiner, B., Macdonald, E., & Mochan, S.(2003). Stem straightness in Sitka spruce . In Forest Research Annual Report and Account (pp. 6269). Edinburgh: Forestry Commission.

Kieding, H., Lauridsen, E. B., & Wellendorf, H. (1984). Evaluation of a series of teak and gmelina provenance trials selection of traits, their

assessment and analysis of observation. In R.D. Barnes, & G. L. Gibson (Ed.), Proceedings of Joint Work Conference on provenance and genetic improvement strategies in tropical forest trees. Mutare Zimbabwe. 9-14 April 1984, (pp. 30-69).

Kurinobu, S., & Rimbawanto, A. (2002). Genetic improvement of plantation species in Indonesia-Summary of Project Achievement (JICA Forest Tree Improvement Phase II). In A. Rimbawanto, & M. Susanto (Ed.), Proceedings of Inter national Conf er ence on advances in genetic improvement of tropical tree species 1-3 October 2002 ( pp. 1-6) . Yogyakarta: Centre for Forest Biotechnology and Tree Improvement.

Kurinobu, S., Nirsatmanto, A., & Kawasaki, H. (1998). Strategy and procedure of tree improvement toward second generation breeding. Technical Cooperation Project on Forest Tree Improvement Phase II JICA FORDA.

Kurinobu, S., Nirsatmanto, A., & Leksono, B. (1996). Prediction of genetic gain by within plot selection in seedling seed orchards of Acacia mangium and Eucalyptus with an application of retrospective selection index. In M. J. Dieters,A. C. Matheson, D. G. Nikles, C. E. Harwood,& S. M. Walker (Ed.), Tree improvement fors ustainable Proceeding of the FRI-IUFRO Conference, Caloundra, Australia. 27 October - 1 November 1996, (pp. 158-163).

Mckeand, E., & Beineke, F. (1980). Sublining for halfsib breeding population of forest trees. Silvae Genetica, 29, 14-17.

Nirsatmanto, A., & Kurinobu, S. (2002). Trend of within-plot selection practiced in two seedling seed orchards of Acacia mangium in Indonesia. Journal of Forest Research, 7, 49-52.

Nirsatmanto, A. , Leksono, B., Kurinobu, S. , & Shiraishi, S. (2004). Realized genetic gain observed in second-generation seedling seed

orchards of Acacia mangium in South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Journal of Forest Research, 9, 265-269.

St. Clair, J. B. (1993). Evaluating realized genetic gains from tree improvement. In H. E. Burkhart, T. G. Gregoire, & J. L. Smith (Ed.), Modeling stand response to silvicultural practices. Proceeding of the

IUFRO S4.01 Conference, Blacksburg , Virginia, USA. 27 September - 1 October 1993, (pp. 145157).

Wright, J. W. (1976). Introduction to forest genetic. New York: Academic Press.

Zobel, B. J., & Talbert, J. (1984). Applied forest tree improvement. New York: John Wiley & Sons.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20886/ijfr.2013.10.1.57-64

For further details log on website :
http://ejournal.forda-mof.org/ejournal-litbang/index.php/IJFR/article/view/21