Gender Analysis in Forestry Research: Looking Back and Thinking Ahead

International Forestry Review 13(2):245-258. 2011 
https://doi.org/10.1505/146554811797406589

Analyse du rôle des sexes dans la recherche forestière: évaluation du passé et réflexions pour l'avenir
Análisis de género en la investigación forestal: mirando al pasado y planeando el futuro

Author 

Y.H. Mai

, 

E. Mwangi

 and 

M. Wan

[-] Author & Article Info

Author Affiliations

Y.H. Mai

Center for International Forestry Research, Jl. CIFOR, Situ Gede, Sindang Barang, Bogor 16680, IndonesiaEmail: m.hoangyen@cgiar.org, e.mwangi@cgiar.org and m.wan@cgiar.org

E. Mwangi

Center for International Forestry Research, Jl. CIFOR, Situ Gede, Sindang Barang, Bogor 16680, IndonesiaEmail: m.hoangyen@cgiar.org, e.mwangi@cgiar.org and m.wan@cgiar.org

M. Wan

Center for International Forestry Research, Jl. CIFOR, Situ Gede, Sindang Barang, Bogor 16680, IndonesiaEmail: m.hoangyen@cgiar.org, e.mwangi@cgiar.org and m.wan@cgiar.org

SUMMARY

This review charts out recent developments in gender research in forestry research, with a focus on tropical and dry forests in developing countries. We reviewed 121 publications extracted from the Web of Knowledge database and publications by the Center for International Forestry Research for the past 10 years. Over the past decade (2000–2011) gender-focused forestry research has been dominated by studies that evaluate men's and women's participation in community forestry initiatives and the commercialisation of forest products and market access. Community forestry studies were mainly conducted in South Asia and market access studies in Africa. The geographical spread of studies is uneven, with most studies in India and Nepal. We suggest that the observed patterns relate to recent devolution reforms of forest management, which have a longer tradition in South Asia. The patterns also relate to the focus on poverty reduction efforts that gained widespread prominence in the 1990s. Integrating gender into forestry research is constrained by the broad perception that forestry is a male-dominated profession, a lack of clarity among researchers of the concept of gender, and a lack of technical skills, interest and/or awareness of gender. Key knowledge gaps are identified.

Cette étude retrace l'évolution de l'intégration des sexes dans la recherche forestière, en s'attachant plus particulièrement aux forêts tropicales et sèches des pays en développement. Nous avons procédé à l'examen de 121 publications extraites de la base de données du Web of Knowledge et des documents publiés par le Centre de recherche forestière internationale depuis les 10 dernières années. De 2000 à 2011, la recherche forestière traitant du rôle des sexes a été dominée par des études évaluant la participation des hommes et des femmes aux initiatives de foresterie communautaire, à la commercialisation des produits forestiers et à l'accès au marché. Les études sur l'exploitation communautaire des forêts ont été principalement réalisées en Asie du Sud et celles sur l'accès au marché en Afrique. La répartition géographique des études est inégale, la plupart de celles-ci ayant eu lieu en Inde et au Népal. Nous supposons que les phénomènes observés sont liés aux récentes réformes de décentralisation de la gestion forestière, dont la tradition est plus ancienne en Asie du Sud. La situation est aussi en rapport avec les mesures de réduction de la pauvreté qui ont pris une ampleur considérable dans les années 1990. La prise en compte du genre en recherche forestière est freinée par l'opinion répandue que la foresterie est surtout une profession masculine, par le fait que les chercheurs n'ont pas une idée claire de la notion de genre et par l'absence de compétences techniques, d'intérêt et/ou de sensibilisation sur le sujet. Des lacunes dans les connaissances essentielles sont mises en évidence.

Esta reseña registra los desarrollos recientes relacionados al estudio de género dentro de la investigación forestal, con énfasis en los bosques tropicales y secos de los países en vías de desarrollo. Hemos utilizado 121 publicaciones extraídas de la base de dates de la Web of Knowledge y publicaciones del Centro para la Investigación Forestal International de los últimos 10 años. En la última década (2000–2011) la investigación forestal enfocada en el género ha sido dominada por estudios que evalúan la participatión de hombres y mujeres en las iniciativas comunitarias forestales, y la comercialización de los productos forestales y su acceso al mercado. Los estudios comunitarios forestales fueron llevados a cabo mayormente en Asia del Sur mientras que en el África el enfoque de la investigación fue el acceso al mercado. La distributión geográfica de estos estudios es desequilibrada puesto que la mayoría de los mismos fue desarrollada en la India y Nepal. Nuestra investigación indica que los patrones observados se relacionan a las recientes reformas de devolutión de los derechos de manejo forestal que ha sido tradicional por más tiempo en Asia del Sur. Los patrones también se relacionan al enfoque sobre los esfuerzos para reducir la pobreza que ganaron amplia prominencia en los años 90. La integración del género a la investigación forestal esta limitada por la perception generalizada de que la silvicultura es una profesión dominada por los hombres, la falta de claridad por parte de los investigadores sobre el concepto del género, y la carencia de habilidades técnicas, interés y/o conciencia para trabajar temas de género. Se identifican brechas clave en el conocimiento.

REFERENCES

Acharya, K.P. and Gentle, P. 2006. Improving the effectiveness of collective action: Sharing experiences from community forestry in Nepal. CAPRi working paper No. 54. International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington DC.

Adedayo, A.G., Oyun, M.B. and Kadeba, O. 2010. Access of rural women to forest resources and its impact on rural household welfare in north central Nigeria. Forest policy and economics 12(6): 439–450. Crossref

Agarwal, B. 2000. Conceptualizing environmental collective action: why gender matters. Cambridge journal of economics 24: 283–310. Crossref

Agarwal, B. 2001. Participatory exclusions, community forestry, and gender: an analysis for South Asia and a conceptual framework. World development 29(10): 1623–1648. Crossref

Agarwal, B. 2009. Gender and forest conservation: The impact of women's participation in community forest governance. Ecological economics 68: 2785–2799. Crossref

Agarwal, B. 2010a. Does women's proportional strength affect their participation? Governing local forests in South Asia. World development 38(1): 98–112. Crossref

Agarwal, B. 2010b. Gender and green governance. The political economy of women's presence within and beyond community forestry. Oxford University Press, UK. Crossref

Ajonina, P.U., Ajonina, G.N., Jin, E., Mekongo, F., Ayissi, I. and Usongo, L. 2005. Gender roles and economics of exploitation, processing and marketing of bivalves and impacts on forest resources in the Sanaga Delta region of Douala-Edea Wildlife Reserve, Cameroon. International journal of sustainable development and world ecology 12(2): 161–172. Crossref

Akerkar, S. 2001. Gender and participation: overview report. Bridge report. Institute of development studies, Sussex University, UK.

Alexiades, M.N. and Shanley, P. (eds.) 2004. Productos forestales, meditos de subsistencia y conservacion, estudios de caso sobre sisternas de manejo de productos forestales no maderables. Volumen 3-America Latina.Center for International Forestry Research, Bogor, Indonesia.

Alderman, H., Hoddinott, J., Haddad, J.L. and Udry, C. 1995. Gender differentials in farm productivity. FCND discussion papers No. 6. International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington DC.

Allen, R. 2001. Strategies to address land degradation issues in the Hindu Kush-Himalayas In: Bridges, E.M., Hannam, I.D., Oldeman, L.R., Devries, W.T.P., Scherr, S.J. and Sombatpanit, S. (eds.) Response to land degradation.

Alongi, D.M. and De Carvalho, N.A. 2008. The effect of small-scale logging on stand characteristics and soil biogeochemistry in mangrove forests of Timor Leste. Forest ecology and management 255(3–4): 1359–1366.Crossref

Arora-Jonsson, S. 2010. Particular and wider interests in natural resource management: Organizing together but separately. Scandinavian journal of forest research 25: 33–44. Crossref

Auld, G., Gulbrandsen, L.H., and Mcdermott, C.L. 2008. Certification schemes and the impacts on forests and forestry. Annual review of environment and resources. 33: 187–211. Crossref

Avocevou-Ayisso, C., Sinsin, B., Adegbidi, A., Dossou, G. and Van Damme, P. 2009. Sustainable use of non-timber forest products: impact of fruit harvesting on Pentadesma butyracea regeneration and financial analysis of its products trade in Benin. Forest ecology and management 257 (9): 1930–1938. Crossref

Awono, A., Ndoye, O. and Preece, L. 2010. Empowering women's capacity for improved livelihoods in nontimber forest product trade in Cameroon. International journal of social forestry 3(2): 151–163.

Banerjee, D. and Bell, M.M. 2007. Ecogender: locating gender in environmental social science. Society & natural resources 20(1): 3–19. Crossref

Baral, N. and Heinen, J.T. 2007. Decentralization and people's participation in conservation: a comparative study from the western Terai of Nepal. International journal of sustainable development and world ecology 14(5): 520–531. Crossref

Behrman, J., Meinzen-Dick, R. and Quisumbing, A. 2011. The gender implications of large-scale land deals. IFPRI Discussion Paper 01506. International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington DC.

Benjamin, A.E. 2010. Women in community forestry organizations: an empirical study in Thailand.Scandinavian journal of forest research 25: 62–68. Crossref

Boffa, J.M., Kindt, R., Katumba, B., Jourget, J.G. and Turyomurugyendo, L. 2008. Management of tree diversity in agricultural landscapes around Mabira forest reserve, Uganda. African journal of ecology 46: 24–32. Crossref

Bolland, L.P., Drew, A.P. and Vergara-Tenorio, C. 2006. Analysis of a natural resources management system in the Calakmul Biosphere Reserve. Landscape and urban planning 74(3–4): 223–241. Crossref

Boyer-Rechlin, B. 2010. Women in forestry: a study of Kenya's green belt movement and Nepal's community forestry program. Scandinavian journal of forest research 25: 69–72. Crossref

Brown, H.C.P. forthcoming. Gender, climate change and REDD+ in the Congo Basin forests of Central Africa.International forestry review.

Brown, H.C.P. and Lassoie, J.P. 2010. The interaction between market forces and management systems: a case study of non-wood forest products in the humid forest zone of Cameroon. International forestry review 12(1): 13–26. Link

Buffum, B., Lawrence, A. and Temphel, K.J. 2010. Equity in community forests in Bhutan. International forestry review 12(3): 187–199. Link

Camou-Guerrero, A., Reyes-García, V., Martínez-Ramos M. and Casas, A. 2007. Knowledge and use value of plant species in a Rarámuri community: a gender perspective for conservation. Human ecology 36: 259–272.Crossref

CGIAR Science Council. 2009. Stripe review of social sciences in the CGIAR. Science council secretariat, Rome, Italy.

CIAT. 2010. http://www.prgaprogram.org/. International Center for Tropical Agriculture, Cali, Colombia.

Coad, L., Abernethy, K., Balmford, A., Manica, A., Airey, L. and Milner-Gullland, E.J. 2010. Distribution and use of income from bushmeat in a rural village, Central Gabon. Conservation biology 24(6): 1510–1518. Crossref

Coe, K. 2008. The significance of donor gender equality policies in natural resource management research.Master thesis. Institute of advanced studies, School for environmental research, Charles Darwin University, Australia.

Colfer, J.P.C. (ed.) 2005a. The equitable forests: diversity, community and resource management. Resources for the future, Washington DC.

Colfer J.P.C. 2005b. The complex forest: communities, uncertainty and adaptive collaborate management.Resources for the future, Washington DC.

Colfer, C.J and Capistrano, D. (eds.) 2005. The politics of decentralization: Forests, power and people.Earthscan, London.

Cornwall, A. 2001. Making a difference? Gender and participatory development. IDS discussion paper No. 378. Institute of development studies, Sussex.

Coulibaly-Lingani, P., Tigabu, M., Savadogo, P., Oden, P.C. and Ouadba J.M. 2009. Determinants of access to forest products in southern Burkina Faso. Forest policy and economics 11: 516–524. Crossref

De Albuquerque, C.A. and De Albuquerque, U.P. 2005. Local perceptions towards biological conservation in the community of Vila Velha, Pernambuco, Brazil. Interciencia 30(8): 460-+

Degrande, A. 2001. Farmer assessment and economic evaluation of shrub fallows in the humid lowlands of Cameroon. Agroforestry systems 53(1): 11–19. Crossref

De Vries, D.W. and Sutarti, N. 2006. Gender equity: revealing the reality for the women of Jambi. Governance brief No. 29. Center for International Forestry Research, Bogor, Indonesia.

Dey, S. 2008. Deforestation and the Garo women of Modhupur Garh, Bangladesh. Asian women 24(3): 57– 81.

Djoudi, H. and Brockhaus, M. 2011. Vulnerability to climate variability and change among communities depending on livestock and forest in northern Mali: a cross-scale analysis. Paper presentation at the Thirteenth Biennial Conference of the International Association for the Study of Common (IASC), January 2011.

Dolisca, F., Carter, D.R., Mcdaniel, J.M., Shannon, D.A. and Jolly, C.A. 2006. Factors influencing farmers' participation in forestry management programs: a case study from Haiti. Forest ecology and management 236(2–3): 324–331. Crossref

FAO. 2007. Gender mainstreaming in forestry in Africa. Regional report. Report of a project carried out under the FAO Netherlands partnership program. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome.

Fajber, L. and Vernooy, R. 2006. From voice to voice: lessons from a regional capacity development initiative to strengthen social and gender analysis in participatory natural resources management research. International journal of agricultural sustainability 4(2): 143–153.

Falkingham, J. and Baschieri, A. 2009. Gender and poverty: how misleading is the unitary model of household resources? In: Yeates, N. and Holden, C. (eds.) The global social policy reader. Pp. 123–128. Bristol: The Policy Press.

Farreras, V., Riera, P. and Mogas, J. 2005. Does gender matter in valuation studies? Evidence from three forestry applications. Forestry 78(3): 239–248. Crossref

Fu, Y.N., Chen, J., Guo, H.J., Hu, H.B., Chen, A.G. and Cui, J.Y. 2009. Rain forest dwellers' livelihoods: income generation, household wealth and NTFP sales, a case study from Xishuangbanna, SW China. International journal of sustainable development and world ecology 16(5): 332–338. Crossref

Gobeze, T., Bekele, M., Lemenih, M. and Kassa, H. 2009. Participatory forest management and its impacts on livelihoods and forest status: the case of Bonga forest in Ethiopia. International forestry review 11(3): 346–358.Link

Giri, K. and Darnhofer, I. 2010a. Nepali women using community forestry as a platform for social change.Society & natural resources 23(12): 1216–1229. Crossref

Giri, K. and Darnhofer, I. 2010b. Outmigrating men: a window of opportunity for women's participation in community forestry? Scandinavian journal of forest research 25: 55–61. Crossref

Gupte, M. 2003. Reexamining participatory environmental policy: Social stratification and the gender dimension.Society & natural resources 16(4): 327–334. Crossref

Gupte, M. 2004. Participation in a gendered environment: the case of community forestry in India. Human ecology 32(3): 365–382. Crossref

Gurung, D.J. 2002. Getting at the heart of the issue: challenging male bias in Nepal's Department of Forests.Mountain research and development 22(3): 212–215. BioOne

Gyan, C.A. and Shackleton, C.M. 2005. Abundance and commercialization of Phoenix reclinata in the King Williamstown area, South Africa. Journal of tropical forest science 17(3): 334–345.

Harding, S. 1998. Is science multicultural?: Postcolonialisms, feminisms, and epistemologies. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, Indiana.

Hecht, S.B. 2005. Extraction, gender and neoliberalism in the western Amazon. Nature, raw materials and political economy research in Rural sociology and development, Elsevier Ltd 10: 255–288.

Hecht, S.B. 2007. Factories, forests, fields and family: Gender and neoliberalism in extractive reserves. Journal of agrarian change 7(3): 316–347. Crossref

Hovorka, J.A. 1998. Gender resources for urban agriculture research: methodology, directory and annotated bibliography. Cities feeding people series. Report 26.

Howard, L.A. and Nabanoga, G. 2007. Are there customary rights to plants? An inquiry among the Baganda (Uganda), with special attention to gender. World development 35(9): 1542–1563. Crossref

Jewitt, S. 2000a. Unequal knowledge in Jharkhand, India: de-romanticizing women's agro-ecological experience. Development and change 31(5): 961–985. Crossref

Jewitt, S. 2000b. Mothering earth? Gender and environmental protection in the Jharkhand, India. Journal of peasant studies 27(2): 94–131. Crossref

Kanmegne, J., Belinga, J.M.O., Degrande, A., Tchoundjeu, Z. and Manga, T.T. 2007. Gender analysis in the commercialization of Gnetum africanum/ buchholzianum in the Lekie division in Cameroon. Journal of food, agriculture and environment 5(1): 243–247.

Kauck, D., Paruzzolo, S. and Schulte, J. 2010. CGIAR gender scoping study. International Center for Research on Women.

Komarudin, H., Siagian, Y.L. and Colfer, J.P.C. 2008. Collective action to secure property rights for the poor: a case study in Jambi province, Indonesia. CAPRi working paper No. 90. International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington DC.

Kusters, K. and Belcher, B. (eds.) 2004. Forest products, livelihoods and conservation: case studies of nontimber forest products systems. Volume 1-Asia. Center for International Forestry Research, Bogor, Indonesia.

Lawrence, A., Phillips, L.O., Ismodes, R.A., Lopez, M., Rose, S., Wood, D. and Farfan, J.A. 2005. Local values for harvested forest plants in Madre de Dios, Peru: towards a more contextualized interpretation of quantitative ethnobotanical data. Biodiversity and conservation 14: 45–79. Crossref

Leach, M. 2007. Earth mother myths and other ecofeminist fables: How a strategic notion rose and fell.Development and change 38(1): 67–85. Crossref

Lyren, L. 2006. Gender and forestry: a bibliography. Forestry library. Faculty of forest sciencies, Swedish University of Agriculture Sciences, Umea, Sweden.

Madi, O.P., Peltier, R., Balarabe, O., Ntoupka, M. and Sibelet, N. 2010. Should north Cameroon's acacia plantations be abandoned or extended? It all depends on development of the arabic gum market chain. Bois et forets des tropiques 306: 57–70.

Magnus, E. 2003. Gender analysis in NRSP. DFID NRSP programme development report PD123. NRSP, Hemel Hempstead, UK.

Mai, H.Y. and Mwangi, E. forthcoming. Incorporating gender in CIFOR's research: a review of CIFOR's gender analysis. CIFOR working paper. Center for International Forestry Research, Bogor, Indonesia.

Medugu, N.I., Majid, M.R., Johar, F. and Choji, I.D. 2010. The role of afforestation programme in combating desertification in Nigeria. International journal of climate change strategies and management 2(1): 35–47.Crossref

Moser, C. 1989. Gender planning in the third world: meeting practical and strategic gender needs. World development 17(11): 1799–825. Crossref

Muneer, S.E.T. and Mohamed, E.W.M. 2003. Adoption of biomass improved cookstoves in a patriarchal society: an example from Sudan. Science of the total environment 307(1–3): 259–266. Crossref

Muhammed, N., Koike, M., Haque, F. and Miah, M.D. 2008. Quantitative assessment of people-oriented forestry in Bangladesh: a case study in the Tangail forest division. Journal of environmental management 88(1): 83–92.Crossref

Mwangi, E., Meinzen-Dick, R. and Sun, Y. 2011. Gender and sustainable forest management in East Africa and Latin America. Ecology and society 16(1), article 17. Crossref

Nelson, V., Meadows, K., Cannon, T., Morton, J. and Martin, A. 2002. Uncertain prediction, invisible impacts and the need to mainstream gender in climate change adaptation. Gender and development 10(2): 51–59.Crossref

Nightingale, A.J. 2011. Bounding difference: intersectionality and the material production of gender, caste, class and environment in Nepal. Geoforum 42(2): 153– 162. Crossref

Nuggehalli, R.K. and Prokopy, L.S. 2009. Motivating factors and facilitating conditions explaining women's participation in co-management of Sri Lankan forests. Forest policy and economics 11: 288–293. Crossref

Otsyina, J.A. 2002. Information communication and community forestry development in Shinyanga. Discovery and innovation, special issue: 82–89.

Pandit, R. and Bevilacqua, E. 2011. Social heterogeneity and community forestry processes: Reflections from forest users of Dhading district, Nepal. Small-scale forestry 10(1): 97–113. Crossref

Pandolfelli, L. 2009. Integrating gender analysis at CIFOR: proposed next steps. Submitted report to Center for International Forestry Research. Center for International Forestry Research, Bogor, Indonesia.

Perez, M.R, Ndoye, O., Eyebe A. and Ngono, D.L. 2002. A gender analysis of forest product markets in Cameroon. Africa today: 97–126. Crossref

PRB. 2001. Women, men, and environmental change: the gender dimensions of environmental policies and programs. Population Reference Bureau, Washington DC.

Quang, D.V. and Anh, T.N. 2006. Commercial collection of NTFPs and households living in or near the forests: case study in Que, Con Cuong and Ma, Tuong Duong, Nghe An, Vietnam. Ecological economics 60(1): 65–74.Crossref

Quisumbing, R. A. 2004. Household decision, gender and development: a synthesis of recent research.International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington DC.

Razavi, M. and Miller, C. 1995. From WID to GAD: conceptual shifts in the women and development discourse. Occasional paper 1. United Nation Research Insitute for Social Development, United Nation Programme.

Reeves, H. and Baden S. 2000. Gender and Development: concepts and definitions. Bridge report No. 55.Institute of Development Studies, Sussex University, UK.

Resurreccion, P.B. 2006. Gender, identity and agency in Philippine upland development. Development and change 37(2): 375–400. Crossref

Ribot, Jesse C. and Larson, A.M. (eds.) 2005. Democratic decentralisation through a natural resources lens.London: Routledge.

Rocheleau, D.E. 2008. Political ecology in the key of policy: from chains of explanation to webs of relation.Geoforum 39: 716–727. Crossref

Saigal, S. 2000. Beyond experimentation: emerging issues in the institutionalization of joint forest management in India. Environmental management 26(3): 269–281. Crossref

Shackleton, C.M., Paumgarten, F. and Cocks, M.L. 2008. Household attributes promote diversity of tree holdings in rural areas, South Africa. Agroforestry systems 72(3): 221–230. Crossref

Shams, N. and Ahmed, M. 2000. Common and private property linkages in the low-land forest-fishery-farming systems of Cambodia. Journal of sustainable agriculture 15(4): 59–87. Crossref

Shandra, J.M., Shandra, C.L. and London, B. 2008. Women, non-governmental organizations, and deforestation: a cross-national study. Population and environment 30(1–2): 48–72. Crossref

Shea, A.G., Francisca, I. and Andaryati, A. 2005. Gender and climate change in Indonesia. In: Murdiyarso, D. and Herawati, H. (eds.) Carbon forestry: Who will benefit? Proceedings of the workshop on carbon sequestration and sustainable livelihoods. Center for International Forestry Research, Bogor, Indonesia.

Siagian, Y. and Neldysavrino . 2007. Collective action to secure land management rights for poor communities. Governance brief No. 35. Center for International Forestry Research, Bogor, Indonesia.

Singh, R.K., Srivastava, R.C., Community, A. and Mukherjee, T.K. 2010. Toko-Patta (Livistona jenkinsiana Griff): adi community and conservation of culturally important endangered tree species in eastern Himalaya.Indian journal of traditional knowledge 9(2): 231–241.

Sunam, R.K. and Mccarthy, J.F. 2010. Advancing equity in community forestry: recognition of the poor matters.International forestry review 12(4): 370–38. Link

Sunderland, T. and Ndoye, O. (eds.) 2004. Forest products, livelihoods and conservation: case studies of non-timber forest products systems, Volume 2-Africa. Center for International Forestry Research, Bogor, Indonesia.

Syamsuddin, Neldysavrino, Komarudin, H. and Siagian Y. 2007. Are community aspirations being accommodated in development plans? A lesson from collective action in Jambi. Governance brief No. 34. Center for International Forestry Research, Bogor, Indonesia.

Timko, J.A., Waeber, P.O. and Kozak, R.A. 2010. The socio-economic contribution of non-timber forest products to rural livelihoods in Sub-Saharan Africa: knowledge gaps and new directions. International forestry review 12(3): 284–294. Link

Upadhyay, B. 2005. Women and natural resource management: illustrations from India and Nepal. Natural resources forum 29(3): 224–232. Crossref

USAID. 2001. Gender and community conservation. USAID office of women in development, Gender research project No. 3.

Veuthey, S. and Gerber, J.F. 2010. Logging conflicts in southern Cameroon: a feminist ecological economics perspective. Ecological economics 70(2): 170–177. Crossref

Wan, M., Colfer, C. J. P. and Powell, B. forthcoming. Forests, women and health: opportunities and challenges for conservation. International forestry review.

Watson, E. 2005. Gender sensitive natural resource management (NRM) research for development. DFID NRSP programme development report PD123: Gender sensitive NRM research for development. Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, UK.

World Bank. 2000. World Development Report: attacking poverty-opportunity, empowerment, and security. The World Bank, Washington DC.

Yiridoe, E.K. and Anchirinah, V.M. 2005. Garden production systems and food security in Ghana: characteristics of traditional knowledge and management systems. Renewable agriculture and food systems 20(3): 168–180. Crossref

see www.cifor.org/about-us/our-vision-and-aspirations/cifors-strategy-2008-2018.html

See more in CIFOR's annual meeting document for gender training needs of CIFOR scientists: www.cifor.org/gender

Use of improved cooking stoves has health benefits as well (Wan, Colfer and Powell forthcoming)

Authors are currently working on a broader time frame to include both published and unpublished materials, book chapters and articles, and from databases other than the Web of Science. A preliminary review of trends can be obtained from the authors.

Cited by

E. Guillaume. (2017) A Case Study on Inclusiveness in Forest Management Decision-Making Mechanisms: A Comparison of Certified and Non-Certified Forests in the Republic of the Congo. International Forestry Review 19:2, 145-157.
Online publication date: 26-Jun-2017.

Abstract & References : Full Text : PDF (184 KB) : Rights & Permissions 

N. Tyagi and S. Das. (2017) Gender Mainstreaming in Forest Governance: Analysing 25 Years of Research and Policy in South Asia. International Forestry Review 19:2, 234-244.
Online publication date: 26-Jun-2017.

Abstract & References : Full Text : PDF (158 KB) : Rights & Permissions 

T.T. Pham, Y.H. Mai, M. Moeliono and M. Brockhaus. (2016) Women's Participation in REDD+ National Decision-Making in Vietnam. International Forestry Review 18:3, 334-344.
Online publication date: 8-Sep-2016.

Abstract & References : Full Text : PDF (215 KB) : Rights & Permissions 

O. Sylvester , A. García Segura and I. Davidson-Hunt . (2016) Complex Relationships Among Gender and Forest Food Harvesting: Insights from the Bribri Indigenous Territory, Costa Rica. International Forestry Review 18:2, 247-260.
Online publication date: 20-Jun-2016.

Abstract & References : Full Text : PDF (402 KB) : Rights & Permissions 

C.J.P. Colfer, M. Elias and R. Jamnadass. (2015) Women and Men in Tropical Dry Forests: A Preliminary Review. International Forestry Review 17:S2, 70-90.
Online publication date: 11-Sep-2015.

Abstract & References : Full Text : PDF (266 KB) : Rights & Permissions 

A.M. Larson, T. Dokken, A.E. Duchelle, S. Atmadja, I.A.P. Resosudarmo, P. Cronkleton, M. Cromberg, W. Sunderlin, A. Awono and G. Selaya. (2015) The Role of Women in Early REDD+ Implementation: Lessons for Future Engagement. International Forestry Review 17:1, 43-65.
Online publication date: 7-Apr-2015.

Abstract & References : Full Text : PDF (1016 KB) : Rights & Permissions 

D. Layne Coppock, María E. Fernández-Giménez, and Jeannie Harvey. (2013) Women as Change Agents in the World's Rangelands: Synthesis and Way Forward. Rangelands 35:6, 82-90.
Online publication date: 7-Jan-2014.

Abstract & References : Full Text : PDF (1236 KB) : Rights & Permissions 

For further detail slog on website :
http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1505/146554811797406589