Several Small: How Inbreeding Affects Conservation of Cariniana legalis Mart. Kuntze (Lecythidaceae) the Brazilian Atlantic Forest's Largest Tree

International Forestry Review 18(4):502-510. 2016 
https://doi.org/10.1505/146554816820127550

Plusieurs petits: comment l'endogamie affecte la conservation de Cariniana legalis Mart. Kuntze (Lecythidaceae) le plus grand arbre de la Mata Atlântica Varias pequeñas: cómo afecta la endogamia a la conservación de Cariniana legalis Mart. Kuntze (Lecythidaceae) el árbol más grande del bosque Atlántico brasileño

Author

E.V. Tambarussi

, 

D.H. Boshier

, 

R. Vencovsky

, 

M.L.M. Freitas

, 

O.J. Di-Dio

 and 

A.M. Sebbenn

[-] Author & Article Info

Author Affiliations

E.V. Tambarussi

Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste, PR 153, Km 7, Irati, PR, 84500-000, Brazil

D.H. Boshier

Department of Plant Sciences, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RB, UK

R. Vencovsky

Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz,” Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Pádua Dias, 11, Caixa Postal 9, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil in memorian

M.L.M. Freitas

Instituto Florestal de São Paulo, CP 1322, São Paulo, SP, 01059-970, Brazil

O.J. Di-Dio

Instituto Florestal de São Paulo, CP 1322, São Paulo, SP, 01059-970, Brazil

A.M. Sebbenn

Instituto Florestal de São Paulo, CP 1322, São Paulo, SP, 01059-970, Brazil

Email: tambarussi@gmail.com, david.boshier@plants.ox.ac.uk, rvencovs@usp.br, miguellmfreitas@yahoo.com.br, omardidio@yahoo.com.br, alexandresebbenn@yahoo.com.br

SUMMARY

We investigated the impact of population size on genetic diversity, inbreeding and mating system in small remnant stands of the Neotropical tree, Cariniana legalis, using microsatellite loci. All adult trees within three different size stands (4, 22 and 65 trees) were sampled, along with open-pollinated seeds. A number of impacts related to population size were evident. Allelic richness was significantly lower among progeny in the smallest fragment, as was outcrossing rate. Individual tree outcrossing rates were predominantly high, but several trees presented significant mating among relatives. The correlation of paternity within fruits was significantly higher than among fruits in all populations, indicating that the probability of full-sibs being produced is highest within fruits. Our results show that low population size can increase the rate of selfing in C. legalis and that open-pollinated seed from the largest populations may also include inbreeding from mating among relatives.

Nous avons étudié l'impact de la taille de la population sur la diversité génétique, la consanguinité et système d'accouplement dans petit reste des peuplements de l'arbre néotropicale, Cariniana legalis, en utilisant loci microsatellites. Tous les arbres adultes dans les trois peuplements de taille différente (4, 22 et 65 arbres) ont été échantillonnés, ainsi que des semences à pollinisation libre. Un certain nombre d'impacts liés à la taille de la population étaient évidents. richesse allélique était significativement plus faible chez les descendants dans le plus petit fragment, de même que le taux outcrossing. taux arbre allogamie individuels étaient majoritairement élevés, mais plusieurs arbres ont présenté l'accouplement significative parmi les parents. La corrélation de la paternité dans les fruits était significativement plus élevé que chez les fruits dans toutes les populations, ce qui indique que la probabilité de la pleine sibs étant produites est le plus élevé dans les fruits. Nos résultats montrent que la faible taille de la population peut augmenter le taux d'autofécondation en C. legalis et que les semences à pollinisation libre des plus grandes populations peuvent également inclure l'endogamie de l'accouplement chez les parents.

Se investigó el impacto del tamaño de la población sobre la diversidad genética, la endogamia y el sistema de cruzamiento en pequeños rodales remanentes del árbol neotropical, Cariniana legalis, utilizando loci microsatélites. Todos los árboles adultos fueron muestreados dentro de tres rodales de tamaños diferentes (4, 22 y 65 arboles), junto con semillas de polinización abierta. Una serie de impactos relacionados con el tamaño de la población fueron evidentes. La diversidad alélica fue significativamente menor en la progenie del fragmento más pequeño, al igual que la tasa de alocruza. La tasa de alocruza de árboles individuales fue en su mayoría alta, sin embargo varios árboles presentaron cruzamientos significativos entres familiares. La correlación de paternidad dentro de frutos fue significativamente mayor que entre frutos en todas las poblaciones, lo que indica una probabilidad mayor de hermanos completos dentro de un fruto. Nuestros resultados muestran que un tamaño pequeño de población puede aumentar la tasa de autofecundación en C. legalis y que las semillas de polinización abierta de poblaciones más grandes también pueden presentar la endogamia, mediante el cruzamiento entre familiares.

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