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Monday, 16 January 2017
Physical and nutritional impact of fortification of corn starch-based extruded snacks with common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) flour: Effects of bean addition and extrusion cooking
Published Date
Food Chemistry 15 April 2009, Vol.113(4):989–996,doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.08.050
Author
Alex A. Anton,
R. Gary Fulcher
Susan D. Arntfield
Department of Food Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3T 2N2
Received 8 April 2008. Revised 24 July 2008. Accepted 19 August 2008. Available online 28 August 2008.
Abstract Navy and red bean flours (BF) were added to corn starch at levels of 15%, 30%, and 45% and submitted to extrusion cooking to produce fortified puffed snacks. Process variables (screw speed, moisture, and temperature of the final zones) of a twin screw extruder were kept constant (150 rmp, 22% and 160 °C). Corn starch-bean extrudates were denser, less expanded, and harder. However starch fortified with 30% BF produced extrudates with percentage of deformation – an instrumental measurement of crispness- comparable to corn starch alone. At this level, crude protein was increased 12-fold, while total phenols, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC)in vitroantioxidant activities (AA) were also increased. Red bean fortification yielded extrudates with higher levels of phenols and both DPPHand ORAC AA compared to navy beans. In navy and red bean extrudates, total phenols, DPPH, and ORAC AA were reduced by 10%, 17%, and 10%, and by 70%, 62%, and 17% after extrusion, respectively. Phytic acid and trypsin inhibitors levels were reduced in nearly 50% and 100% in all bean extrudates compared to raw mixtures, indicating that these materials were safe for human consumption. Keywords
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