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Friday, 2 December 2016
First record of family Epimarptidae Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea) from Korea, with newly recorded species
Published Date 1 December 2016, Vol.9(4):481–484,doi:10.1016/j.japb.2016.05.004 Open Access, Creative Commons license,Funding information Original article Author
Sora Kim a
Seunghwan Lee a,b,,
aLaboratory of Insect Biosystematics, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
bResearch Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Received 27 April 2016. Accepted 16 May 2016. Available online 28 May 2016.
Abstract
The appearance of the small family, Epimarptidae, is first reported from Korea, based on the recently recorded species,Epimarptis hiranoiSugisima. Illustration of adult and genitalia is provided. A taxonomic key to all described species in the world is also given.
Keywords
Epimarptidae
Epimarptis hiranoi
Korea
taxonomy
Introduction
The small family Epimarptidae (Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea) was established by Meyrick in 1914 based on the type genus Epimarptis Meyrick. Epimarptis Meyrick is the sole genus of the Epimarptidae and comprises only four species. Since Meyrick (1914) described a type species Epimarptis philocoma from Kanar of India fauna, he (1917, 1931) added two species: Epimarptis septicodes from Maskeliya, Sri Lanka (Ceylon) and Epimarptis isolexa from Assam, India. Later, Sugisima (2004) described Epimarptis hiranoi from Honshū in Japan. They are characterized by the presence of an oblique tooth-like notch near to the basal antennae in males (Figure 1A) and the forewing radius vein V (R5) reaching to the termen (Figure 1B).
Figure 1. Antenna and wing venation of Epimarptis hiranoi. A, Tooth-shaped notch near to the basal antenna in male of E. hiranoi; B, wing venation of E. hiranoi.
The larvae of E. philocoma are reddish color and live a white web on midrib of unknown plants (Meyrick 1914). Imagoes of Epimarptis were collected from February to April in Sri Lanka or India, and collected from mid-June to July in Japan (Meyrick, 1914, Meyrick, 1917 and Sugisima, 2004).
Materials and methods
Specimens were examined based on the collections in the following institutions: College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Korea; and Korea National Arboretum, Korea.
All individuals were examined under a microscope and mounted with Euparal on the slide glass. The photographs were taken from digital images using the software, Image Lab version 2.2.4.0 by MCM Design (Hillerød, Denmark). Specimens including slide glass vouchers are deposited in the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences.
EpimarptisMeyrick, 1914: 776. Type species: Epimarptis philocomaMeyrick, 1914. Type location (TL): India.
Diagnosis. This genus is characterized by the male bearing an oblique tooth-like notch near to basal antennae.
Wing venation. Forewing elongate, with radius all veins: R4 and R5 stalked, R5reaching to termen. Hindwing elongate, narrower than forewing: M2 absent.
Distribution. Oriental: India, Sri Lanka; Palaearctic: Korea, Japan.
Diagnosis. This species is externally close to the North American species, Batia lunaris (Haworth) in having dark brown marking of forewing, but can be easily differentiated by a triangular-shaped marking of forewing, very long ductus bursa, and a nail-like signum of female genitalia.
Redescription. Wing venation (Figure 1A). Forewing elongate, with radius all veins: R4 and R5 stalked beyond the half of their length, connected to M1, R5 reaching to the termen; M2 absent; cup weakly developed. Hindwing elongate, narrower than forewing: M1 arising at 4/5 length of wing; M2 absent; CuA2 far from M3; cup developed.
Adult male (Figures 2A, 2C, and 2E). Head: frons and vertex shiny whitish yellow. Antennae with scape entirely whitish yellow, as long as diameter of eye, a notch with an oblique tooth near to base; flagellum whitish yellow, tinged with grayish-yellow from the half of forewing to apex. Labial palpus yellow, rarely fuscous scales speckled on each apical part of segments; third segment shorter than the second segment. Thorax: thorax and tegula whitish yellow; wing expanse 11.0–12.0 mm. Forewing ground color whitish yellow, tinged with pale orange to apex; three irregular fuscous scales presented: one below the discal cell, from posterior margin; the other at tornus; another near to apex; fringes yellow at termen, speckled with fuscous scales near to tornus. Hindwing more lanceolate; ground color pale grayish yellow; fringes gray, darker to apex. Leg: hind leg pale whitish yellow dorsally.
Adult female (Figures 2B, 2D, and 2F). Head: frons and vertex whitish yellow. Antennae with scape entirely whitish yellow, slightly shorter than the diameter of eye; flagellum yellow and dark brown alternately. Second segment of labial palpus grayish yellow, except dark brown apically; third segment grayish yellow tinged with dark brown, shorter than the second segment. Thorax: thorax whitish yellow. Tegula whitish yellow, laterally mixed with fuscous scales. Wing expanse 11.0–12.0 mm. Forewing ground color whitish yellow, tinged with orange to apex; fuscous scales scattered from the wing base to half of the wing followed by the costal margin; dark brown markings: one, triangular-shaped from posterior margin; the other, somewhat triangular-like, from tornus; another, irregular-shaped, near to apex; fringes orange to yellow followed by termen and outer margin, speckled with fuscous scales near to tornus. Hindwing more lanceolate; ground color gray, tinged with pale yellow at apex; fringes gray, darker to apex. Leg: hind leg pale whitish yellow dorsally.
Male genitalia (Figures 3A, 3B, and 3C). Uncus bell-like, wide at base, gradually narrowed to apex, slightly bent at sub-apex. Gnathos absent. Tegumen large, rounded margined. Valva symmetric, entirely setose; sacculus a half of valva in length, basally setose, rarely laterally; processus of sacculus thumb-like, protruding from sub-apical part, shorter than the sacculus margin; juxta fork-like with blunt point. Aedeagus cylindrical, medium-length between the sacculus and valva; cornutus large, almost same length of aedeagus.
Female genitalia (Figures 3D, 3E, and 3F). Apophysis posterioris slightly longer than the apophysis anterioris. Lamella postvaginalis large developed, incised medially on caudal margin with setose. Antrum funnel-shaped. Ductus bursae gradually wider to corpus bursa, nine times length of the diameter of corpus bursa. Corpus bursae rounded, with a nail-like signum.
Material examined. Three individuals. One male, Mount Joryung (forest lodge), Yeonpung, Goesan, Chungcheongbuk Province, Korea, 30. VI. 2011, S Kim, gen. slide no. SNU-9410/ S Kim. One female, Mt. Ungseokbong, 226m, Danseong, Gyeongsangnam Province, Korea, 19. VI. 2007, BW Lee and SY Park, gen. slide no. SNU-9409/ S Kim, wing venation slide no. SNU-9428/ S Kim; One individual, Mount Gubong, Chuncheon, Gangweon Province, Korea, 20. VI. 1998, SM Lee.
Distribution. Korea (South, new record).
Figure 2. Adult of Epimarptis hiranoi. A, Labial palpus, male; B, ditto, female; C, adult, male; D, ditto, female; E, wing pattern, male; F, ditto, female.
Figure 3. Genitalia of Epimarptis hiranoi. A, Abdomen; B, male genitalia; C, aedeagus; D, female genitalia; E, lamella postvaginalis and antrum in detail; F, signum in detail. <scale bar: 0.5mm>.
A taxonomic key to Epimarptis based on original descriptions
1.
Forewing venation with CuA1, M1 connected with the stem of R4+5………………………………………………………………… 2
Forewing venation without CuA1, M1 separated from the stem of R4+5……………………………………………………… E. septicodes
2.
Wingspan less than 13 mm ……………………………………… 3
Wingspan more than 15 mm …………………………… E. isoloxa
3.
Forewing venation with three M veins …………… E. philocoma
Forewing venation with two M veins ………………… E. hiranoi
An annotated list of genus Epimarptis in the world
We are indebted to Dr Bong-Woo Lee of Korea National Arboretum, Korea, for loan of materials. The research on the species newly recorded in Korea was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Biological Resources, funded by the Ministry of Environment of the Republic of Korea (NIBR201601203).
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